The Study Of The Expressions And Significant Of Galectin-1,3in The Endometrium Of Unexplained Infertility Patients, Normal Endometrium And Deciduas Tissues Of Early Pregnancy Patients

Objective: Unexplained infertility is the infertility patients can not findout the reasons through the present check methods, which account for tenpercent of the infertility patients. Endometrial receptivity and implantationwere the one of reasons of unexplained infertility. Implantation is the processthat lateblastocyst implants the endometrium. Implantation must possess fourfactors:1、zona pellucida disappear2、cytotrophoblast must differentiatesyncytiotrophoblast3、endometrium and embryo must develop synchronouslyand orthofunction, uterus have a short sensitive duration, in which uterusallow the embryo implant; mother have enough progesterone. Among whichendometrium and embryo development synchronously and orthofunction,which is endometrium in receptive state and embryo in activated state is themost important factor for implantation. For human, endometrium is inreceptive state only in specifically short duration of menstrual cycle (thetwentieth to twenty-fourth days of menstrual cycle),the Feature thatendometrium accepting embryo is Endometrial Receptivity, this duration iswindow phase of implantation. Endometrial receptivity is the master factor ofembryo implantation and basis of researching how to regulate embryoimplantation.Galectins are members of a large family of lectins, which contain one ormore carbohydrate recognition domains with affinity for beta-galactosides.Galectins have been shown to modulate cell adhesion, cell apoptosis,immunological reaction, cancer initiation, and are involved in normal andpathological processes. A successful pregnancy are involved in theendometrial receptivity, which is the one of the reasons of unexplainedinfertility,Galectin-1，3express in the trophoblast and involve in the process of implanting. They regulate the endometrial receptivity through a variety ofmethods and are the one of the rulers that evaluation the endometrialreceptivity. The study on the mRNA and protein expression of galectin-1,3inthe endometrium of unexplained infertility patients, normal endometrium, anddeciduas tissues of early pregnancy patients, that provide theory evidence fordiagnosis and treatment of unexplained infertility patients.Methods: This study included40cases of unexplained infertility in thedepartment of Gynecology in the Second Hospital from2009to2011,weobtained the endometrium from patients in the hysteroscope and thepathological diagnosis were the normal endometrium, including mid-secretory phase endometrium (the eleventh to fifteenth days of menstrualcycle)20cases and later-proliferation phase endometrium(the twentieth totwenty-fourth days of menstrual cycle)20cases. The corresponding period40normal endometrium that were obtained from patients who needed to bandintrauterine device or had surgical therapy for the reasons of simple ovariancyst including mid-secretory phase endometrium (the eleventh to fifteenthdays of menstrual cycle)20cases and later-proliferation phase endometrium(the twentieth to twenty-fourth days of menstrual cycle)20cases. The othergroup was the patients who had induced abortion for the reason of unexpectedpregnancy (gestational weeks≤12weeks), we obtained deciduas form thepatients. We used Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis andimmunohistochemistry to detect the galectin-1,3mRNA and proteinexpression level in all cases of endometrium and deciduas tissues. Statisticalanalysis of the date was performed using the Statistical Product and ServiceSolutions13.0(SPSS13.0).Results:1The expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA in the endometrium of unexplainedinfertility patients, normal endometrium and deciduas tissues of normalearly pregnancy patients were positive and the levels of expressions weresignificant difference.2The expressions of galectin-1,3protein mainly localized in cytoplasm. in cell nucleus, a little galectin-1,3protein was found. Positive staining werebrown grains in cytoplasm. The expressions of galectin-1,3protein in theendometrium of unexplained infertility patients, normal endometrium anddeciduas tissues of normal early pregnancy patients were positive and thelevels of expressions were significant difference.3In the normal endometrium, the expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA andprotein in mid-secretory phase endometrium was significantly higher thanthose in later-proliferation phase endometrium. In endometrium ofunexplained infertility patients, the expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA andprotein in mid-secretory phase endometrium was not significantlydifferent.4The expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA and protein in deciduas tissues(villus tissues and deciduas)was significantly higher than those inendometrium.5The levels of the expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA and protein in allgroups （from low to high level）： unexplained infertility＜normalendometrium＜early pregnancy.6In all the groups the expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA were positivelycorrelated and the expressions of galectin-3mRNA and protein weresignificantly higher than the expressions of galectin-1.Conclusion：1The expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA and protein in deciduas wassignificantly higher than those in endometrium. It illuminated thatgalectin-1,3were one kind of protein that may associated with pregnancy.2The expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA and protein in mid-secretory phaseendometrium was significantly higher than those in later-proliferationphase endometrium. It showed that galectin-1,3protein wereconcernedwith the embryo implantation and endometrial receptivity.3The expressions of galectin-1,3mRNA and protein in endometrium ofunexplained infertility patients was lower than that in the normalendometrium.It showed that galectin-1,3protein were concerned with the unexplained infertility,galectin-1,3protein regulated the embryoimplantation by the regulating the endometrial receptivity.4This experiment provided the evidences that the expressions ofgalectin-1,3mRNA and protein in unexplained infertility patients was lowor absence, but whether the galectin-1,3protein led to unexplainedinfertility need further research.5The research of the relation of galectin-1,3and the endometrial receptivitywhen the embryo implantating and the embryo growing may providetheory evidence for diagnosis and treatment of unexplained infertilitypatients.6Galectin-1,3were concerned with the endometrial receptivity, but theaccurate regulatory mechanism need further research.