| Factors affecting health can be divided into environmental factors,behavior and lifestyle,medical and health services,bio-genetic factors.Behavior and lifestyle play a very important role in the development of diseases.To carry out adult major health-related behavioral risk factor surveillance and understand related behaviors epidemic status is of great significance for formulating rational public health strategies and measures,particularly for chronic disease prevention and control, as well as evaluating the effect[Objective]The aim of this study was to master the distribution and prevalence of adult health related behavior risk factors in Taizhou and to formulate rational public health policies,especially the chronic disease control measures and strategies, and to provide the scientific information to evaluate its effect.[Methods]A multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to choose some permanent residents aged from15to69years for the questionnaire survey and physical examination.[Results]1.Respondents basic conditionsToatlly2253people including were surveyed.1077of them was male that accounted for47.8%and the female is1176,accounting for52.2%.The average age of the respondents was46.6±12.6years old,the oldest ones were69years old, the young ones were15years old.Most of the respondents were married,accounting for87.7%. Most of the cultural degree was elementary school,accounting for33.9%.Most of them were farmers,accounting for58.8%.The mainly current work status was household labor,accounting for43.8%.Most of the family income ranged from10,000to50,000,accounting for48.6%.2. Basic situation of adult health related risk factors2.1Main behavior risk factors distribution2.1.1Smoking situationThe overall smoking rate was23.6%,and the smoking rate of male and female were48.0%and1.2%respectively.There was an statistically significant difference (χ2=683.60,P<0.001).The average age of beginning smoking was22.9±5.5years old.Smokers consumed20.4±12.8every day on average,there was no statistically significant differences between men and women.The55-years old group consumed most cigarette while the15-years old group consumed least every day.The overall passive smoking rate among non-smoking subjects was40.2%,of which male and female were31.6%and43.2%respectively.The passive smoking rate of female was much higher than that of male (χ2=17.28,P<0.001). During all the objects,the passive smoking rate of the55-years old group was highest,and that of the65-69years old group was lowest.The overall quit smoking rate was21.8%,of which male and female were21.9%and17.6%respectively.The quit smoking rate of the65-years old group was highest,and that of the25-years old group was lowest.53.9%of all smokers had no plan to quit smoking,while the rate of male and female were54.0%and50.0%respectively.The rate of male and female smokers who were going to quit smoking right now were only5.4%and14.3%respectively.35.2%of the respondents believed that smoking is harmful to health severely,32.1%believed that it is harmful to health moderately,22.9%believed that it is harmful to health mildly,4.1%believed that it’s not harmful to health.29.5%of the respondents believed that passive smoking is harmful to health severely,27.8%believed that it is harmful to health moderately,26.4%believed that it is harmful to health mildly,6.7%believed that it’s not harmful to health.2.1.2DrinkingThe overall drinking rate was36.1%,among which the male drinking rate was57.9%,the female drinking rate was16.2%. The mele drinking rate was much higher than that of female.There were statistically significant differences between every age group. The drinking rate of the25-years old group was highest,and that of the25-years old group was lowest.There were all statistically significant difference between\age groups (χ2=9.73,P<0.05).The drinking rate of respondents who had at least college degree is highest,at about51.4%. The drinking rate of semiliterate respondents was lowest,at about27.3%.There were statistically significant different between respondents of different culture degree (χ2=41.5,P<0.001).During the days of drinking,the average daily alcohol consumption was3.2standard drink,males3.8and women1.4standard drink respectively.In the past seven days the average cumulative drinking amount was16.3standard drink,and the amount of male and female was18.1and4.6standard drink respectively.The Dangerous drinking rate was4.2%,while the rare of male and female was6.7%and2.0%respectively.The harmful drinking rate was15.5%, while the rare of male and female was30.2%and2.0%respectively.2.1.3Dietary habit79.4%of respondents intook fresh vegetables five to seven days per week,25.2%respondents intook fruit five to seven days per week.Only9.7%of respondents intook dairy products five to seven days per week. Only18.5%of respondents intook legume food five to seven days per week.Only20.2%of respondents intook poultry five to seven days per week.29.9%of respondents intook pork.beef and mutton five to seven days per week.There were respectively6.7%,6.3%and12.8%of the respondents who intook unhealthy foods such as sweets,high fat food and pickled smoked food five to seven days per week..2.1.4Physical exerciseThe initiative physical exercise rate of respondents was16.6%,the rate of male and female was15.4%and17.8%respectively.The initiative physical exercise rate of15-years old group was33.6%,which was highest.But the initiative physical exercise rate of45-years old group was only13.9%which was lowest.There was statistically significant difference among every age group distribution.(χ2=33.89, P<0.001).For25～,35-,45～and55～year old group who had no habit of taking the initiative physical exercise,the primary reason is "no time". For15～and65～69years old group who had no habit of taking the initiative physical exercise,the primary reason is"don’t like to exercise".In addition,"lack of skills" is the second reason for65～69years old group who had no habit of taking the initiative physical exercise.2.2Chronic diseases related intermediate risk factors2.2.1HypertensionThe hypertension self-reported prevalence of respondents was16.3%,of which male and female were15.3%and17.3%respectively.As for45-years old group,the female hypertension self-reported prevalence was higher than that of male.There was statistically significant difference between male and female(χ2=7.07,P=0.008).The hypertension self-reported prevalence increased with age,among which there was statistically significant difference (χ2=192.06,P<0.001).The risk of suffering from hypertension among the45-year old group and55～69were both significantly increasing than that of the15-year old group.The risk among overweight and obese were both significantly increasing than that of underweight and normal ones.The risk among people who didn’t take initiative physical exercise was decreasing than that of ones who took initiative physical exercise.There were no significant association between hypertension and factors such as gender,smoking and drinking.2.2.2High cholesterolThe high cholesterol self-reported prevalence of respondents was6.2%,of which male and female were5.7%and6.6%respectively.As for55-years old group,the female high cholesterol self-reported prevalence was higher than that of male.There was statistically significant difference between male and female(χ2=4.08,P=0.043). The high cholesterol self-reported prevalence increased with age,among which there was statistically significant difference (χ2=28.79,P<0.001).The risk of suffering from high cholesterol among the obese was6.86times than that of underweight.The risk among people who didn’t take initiative physical exercise was decreasing than that of ones who took initiative physical exercise.There were no significant association between high cholesterol and factors such as gender,age,smoking and drinking.2.2.3DiabetesThe diabetes self-reported prevalence of respondents was3.7%,of which male and female were3.5%and3.9%respectively.The diabetes self-reported prevalence increased with age,among which there was statistically significant difference (χ2=45.22,P<0.001).The risk of suffering from diabetes among female was higher than male. The risk of suffering from diabete among60-years old group was14times than that of ones under the age of30years old.There were no significant association between diabetes and factors such as BMI,smoking,drinking and initiative physical exercise.2.2.4Overweight and obesityThe overweight prevalence of respondents was28.0%,of which male and female were28.6%and27.4%respectively.As for25-years old group,the male overweight prevalence was higher than that of female.There was statistically significant difference between male and female(X2=6.52,P=0.010). The overweight prevalence (34.6%) of the45-years old group is highest,and the overweight prevalence(9.7%) of the15-years old group is lowest.The obesity prevalence of respondents was6.5%,of which male and female were5.6%and7.3%respectively.The obesity prevalence(8.3%) of the55-years old group is highest.and the overweight prevalence(3.0%) of the15-years old group is lowest.The risk of suffering from overweight and obesity among15-years old group was decreasing than that of the other age group. The risk among people who didn’t take initiative physical exercise was decreasing than that of ones who took initiative physical exercise.There were no significant association between overweight/obesity and factors such as gender,smoking and drinking.[Conclusions]1.Exposed to tobacco seriouslyThe overall smoking rate was23.6%.The average age of beginning smoking was22.9±5.5years old.Smokers consumed20.4±12.8every day on average.The overall passive smoking rate among non-smoking subjects was40.2%.The overall quit smoking rate was21.8%.3.9%of all smokers had no plan to quit smoking. The rate of smokers who were going to quit smoking right now was only5.6%2.Drinking phenomenon exists generally and the excessive drinking problem is seriousThe overall drinking rate was36.1%.During the days of drinking,the average daily alcohol consumption was3.2standard drink.In the past seven days the average cumulative drinking amount was16.3standard drink.The Dangerous drinking rate was4.2%and the harmful drinking rate was15.5%.3.Dietary structure is not reasonable79.4%of respondents intook fresh vegetables five to seven days per week.25.2%respondents intook fruit five to seven days per week.Only9.7%of respondents intook dairy products five to seven days per week. Only18.5%of respondents intook legume food five to seven days per week.Only20.2%of respondents intook poultry five to seven days per week.29.9%of respondents intook pork,beef and mutton five to seven days per week.There were respectively6.7%,6.3%and12.8%of the respondents who intook unhealthy foods such as sweets,high fat food and pickled smoked food five to seven days per week.4.Initiative physical exercise is insufficiencyThe initiative physical exercise rate of respondents was only16.6%.The primary reason for not taking the initiative physical exercise is"no time",the second reason is"don’t like to exercise".5.Hypertension,high cholesterol,diabetes,obesity and overweight prevalence in serious conditionThe hypertension self-reported prevalence of respondents was16.3%,it increased with age.Age and BMI were the main risk factors of hypertension.The high cholesterol self-reported prevalence of respondents was6.2%,it increased with age. BMI was the main risk factor of high cholesterol.The diabetes self-reported prevalence of respondents was3.7%,it increased with age.Gender and age were the main risk factors of diabetes.The overweight prevalence of respondents was28.0%,the obesity prevalence of respondents was6.5%.Age was the main risk factor of overweight and obesity. |
PDF Full Text Request