The Study Of Theory Epidemiology’s Knowledge System

Objective:1.To investigate and to gain a better understanding of the concept of theoretical epidemiology and its basic method and theory system’s framework and system engineering.2.To study the concept of general epidemiology, basic framework of the theoretical system, system engineering and its own theory.3.To understand the admitting degree of the epidemiological experts on the new theoretical system of epidemiology.Methods:The study include three steps, the research object and study method of every step is different:The first step, we study by the theoretical research method——the logic methods, including the formal logic, dialectical logic.The second step, we apply the new research methods of theoretical epidemiology to the study of epidemiology’s theoretical system, in order to validate the rationality of the knowledge system of theoretical epidemiology and gain the new epidemiological theory system.The third step, we study by the questionnaire survey, in order to understand the approval degree of epidemiology experts to the new knowledge system of epidemiology and theoretical epidemiology.Results:The first part the research of theoretical epidemiology’s knowledge system1.Theoretical epidemiology, also called the theoretical research, is a science which use the Marxist philosophy as the instruction, study by the formal logic and dialectical logic, the principle of the method, reference to the relevant theories of disciplines concerned, and combined with the own rich perceptual knowledge knowledge, to summarize and perfect the theory system of epidemiology2.The research methods of theoretical epidemiology, mainly uses the logical thinking method. One is formal logic method; the other is the dialectical logic thinking methods.3.The basic elements of theoretical epidemiology study include:(1) the researchers who mastered all of knowledge system,(2) the scientific research question of epidemiological knowledge system,(3) correctly application of the theoretical system of the research methods.4.The basic study process of epidemiology:(1) to understand the history and present of the epidemiological theoretical system (2) to knew the research progress of relevant disciplines’ theory (3) to objectively evaluate the current epidemiological theory system (4) to discover the existing problems in the theory system of epidemiology (5) to put forward theoretical model by analogism and establish hypothesis (6) to make sure the subjects of study and research hypothesis (7) to learn and master the tools—logic (8) Use the theories model to explain the known facts and to foresee the unknown facts (9) to summarize and perfect the epidemiological theory system by the logic methods (10) to test new epidemiological theory system in practice.The second part epidemiological theory system1.Genera epidemiology is a science which reveals the occurrence, development, distribution and the influencing factors which can cause public health problems. The understanding of the relation, nature and strength between public health events and certain influencing elements are essential tools to formulate effective strategies and measures to prevent public health problems caused by exposure.2.The studies problem of epidemiology is all the public health problem, which can be divided into five types:(1) emergent public health problem;(2) people’s health problems;(3) human survival environment problem;(4) influence factors of human health and environment problems;(5) the strategies and measures in protecting and improving the human living environment and health.3.The main content of the epidemiological studies is public health questions occurrence regularity, development regularity, distribution regularity, the influencing factors, the strategies and measures and the improvement of their knowledge system.4.The study methods of epidemiology is numerous. Its classification can be classified from three levels:(1) from the macroscopic level, it can be classified into: observation method, experiment method, logic method;(2) from the level of research purpose and nature, it can be classified into:descriptive epidemiological, analytic epidemiology, experimental epidemiology, theoretical epidemiology.(3) from the concrete method level, it can be classified into more than ten.5.The basic elements of Epidemiological studies, including:scientific research problems, the purpose of the research, the researchers, research methods, the research object, the technical methods, research funds, the space of research, time, the research plan.6.The basic process of epidemiological studies, including:the choice of research direction, literature searching, literature review, to determine the research topic, the design of scientific research, the implementation of scientific research, the statistical analysis and argument analysis of scientific research, to summarize the scientific research (the writing of academic paper, etc.), the appraisal and declare of scientific research achievements.7.The theory system of epidemiology should has the following structure framework:(1) Guiding theory-the Marxist philosophy.(2) Applied theory (basic theory)-epistemo logy, system theory, information theory, control theory, theory of probability, economics, management science, biology, and other disciplines’ related theory.(3) Applied technology (technology subject)-mathematical statistics technology, Biotechnology, information technology, etc.(4) Systems engineering (engineering technology)-the specific methods and the basic research process of epidemiological studies.8.Under the guidance of Marxism philosophy, epidemiology, referring the related theory of the Applied theory, gradually builds up some of his own theory on the basis of practice in hundreds of years:such as,(1) Quality control theory—link, causes, and control measures of three kinds of bias.(2) Occurred theory—three basic elements (necessary reason, action object and appropriate environment), four basic process (function period, precursor period, events period and vesting period); Development theory—the three basic link (source of necessary reason, the way necessary reason work into the function object, the sensitive degree of object to necessary reason), two kinds of factors (promote factors and contain factors, or internal factors and external factors, or natural factors and social factors), development degree (or call popular strength).(3) Distribution theory—Time distribution, Space distribution, Distribution rule between objects.(4) Influence factors theory-many promote factors, contain factors, irrelevant factors coexistence, necessary promote factors and auxiliary factors promote coexistence, promote factors, contain factors work together to create event—causal inference.(5) prevention first theory-the strategy and measures combined,"tertiary prevention","three key prevention";(6)"theoretical framework" theory—Guide theory, Applied theory, Applied technology, System engineering;(7)"system engineering theory—basic elements and the basic process.The third part the approval investigation of expertsThe survey results show that the approval rate of12items in level1is81.82%,39items of level2the approval rate is77.27%. In level3, the approval rate is72.73%. The results of this study shows that the study has a higher approval of experts.Conclusions:l.The main task of theoretical epidemiology is to summarize and perfect the theory system of epidemiology unceasingly.2.The main methods of theoretical epidemiology are all kinds of logic thinking methods of formal logics and dialectical logic.3.The precondition of the theoretical epidemiology is the guidance of correct philosophy, the development of the related disciplines’theory, the accumulation of this discipline’s rich experience and knowledge, learn knowledge accumulation and correct application of logical thinking method.4.The essence of the theoretical epidemiology is a process which firstly make people’understanding about the theoretical epidemiology rise from perceptual knowledge to intellectual knowledge, and then, intellectual knowledge escalated into rational knowledge.5.The application of epidemiology’s research methods to the theoretical theoretical system research of epidemiology, the results show that the method is practical.6.The concept, the research methods, system engineering, etc, of epidemiology, get the general recognition of the theoretical epidemiological experts.