| BackgroundGastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system in the world. It is the fourth most common cancer, and its mortality is the second of malignant tumors wideworld. In recent years, with the rising living standards, the incidence of gastric cancer are also constantly improving, about more than20thousand people are diagnosed every year.The symptoms of gastric cancer and are hidden, when the clinical symptoms is obvious, metastasis happens, and the prognosis is very poor. The combination of genetic factors and environmental factors results in the occurrence of gastric cancer,in addition,helicobacter pylori infection, chronic alcoholism,improper diet,mental factors and genetic susceptibility also play an imporant role in the occurrence of gastric cancer.The comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer has made great achievements, but the treatment prospects is still not optimistic. It is very significant to find a positive and effective pathology indicator which can indicate the occurrence, development and clinical prognosis of gastric cancer.Serine/Threonine kinase (AKT)is the protein kinase that plays important signal transduction function in cell metabolism, cell proliferation and migration.AKT-2is one of the subtypes of AKT, proven an oncogene. In wide variety of tumors, we can find the excessive expression and activation of AKT-2protein, and is associated with the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Pepsinogen C (PGC) is the member of the family of aspartic acid proteolytic enzymes, and secreted by gastric mucosa. It is a marker of differentiation of the mature and full-functional of gastric mucosa cells. In recent years, some researches has shown that variation of PGC can reflect degree of gastric mucosal lesions and differentiation.ObjectivesTo study expression of Serine/Threonine Kinase (AKT-2) and Pepsinogen C (PGC) in gastric carcinoma and to analyse its clinical significance.Materials and Methods1.75cases primary gastric carcinoma tissues by surgical removal and pathologically proven of first affiliated hospital of zhengzhou university,20cases atrophic gastritis tissues and15cases para-carcinoma normal mucosa tissues were collected.75cases of gastric carcinoma patients were not receiving preoperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy or biological targeted therapy,68cases of adenocarcinoma,7cases of signet ring cell carcinoma;19cases of well-differentiated carcinoma,26cases of moderately differentiated carcinoma,30cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma;34cases with no lymph node metastasis,41cases with lymph node metastasis; TNM staging:32cases of stage â… and stage â…¡,43cases of stage â…¢ and stage â…£.2. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine expression of AKT-2and PGC in gastric carcinoma, atrophic gastritis tissues and para-carcinoma normal mucosa tissues. Analysis the correlation between AKT-2, PGC and the clinical pathologic factors, and the significance of the two indicators were explored in the occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma.3. Statistical analysis All the data were analyzed by SPSS17.0software. Analysis the correlation between AKT-2, PGC and the clinical pathologic factors by chi-square test. The correlation of AKT-2and PGC was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation, Test level a=0.05. Results1. The positive rates of AKT-2in gastric carcinoma, atrophic gastritis tissues and para-carcinoma normal mucosa tissues gradually declined, was70.7%(53/75),38.9%(7/20) and26.7%(4/15), The expression of AKT-2in gastric carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than the atrophic gastritis tissues (P=0.003) and normal tissue (P=0.001), but there was no significant different between the latter two groups (P=0.721). Expression of AKT-2was significantly correlated with differentiation status(X2=5.471, P=0.019), infiltration depth(X2=5.718, P=0.017), lymph node metastasis(X2=4.904, P=0.027) and clinical stage of the cancer (X2=4.701, P=0.030).2. The positive rates of PGC in gastric carcinoma, atrophic gastritis tissues and para-carcinoma normal mucosa tissues were9.3%(7/75),65%(13/20),100%(15/15), The expression of PGC in gastric carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than the atrophic gastritis tissues (P=0.000) and normal tissue (P=0.000), and there was also significant different between the latter two groups(P=0.012). Expression of PGC was significantly correlated with differentiation status(P=0.037) and clinical stage(X2=4.069, P=0.044) of the cancer.3. The correlation of the expression of AKT-2and PGC in gastric carcinoma was analyzed statistically. There was a negative correlation between AKT-2and PGC (r=-0.297, P=0.01)Conclusions1. The positive rates of AKT-2in gastric carcinoma, atrophic gastritis tissues and para-carcinoma normal mucosa tissues gradually declined, The expression of AKT-2in gastric carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than the atrophic gastritis tissues and normal tissues; Expression of AKT-2was significantly correlated with differentiation status, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage of the cancer, The up-regulated of AKT-2protein may participate in occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma,,and be closely related to the degree of malignancy and progresses of gastric cancer.2. The positive rates of PGC in gastric carcinoma, atrophic gastritis tissues and para-carcinoma normal mucosa tissues gradually risen, The expression of PGC in gastric carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than the atrophic gastritis tissues and normal tissues.The expression of PGC was significantly correlated with differentiation status and clinical stage of the cancer.The low expression of PGC protein may be an early event in the process of gastric carcinogenesis, and be closely related to the degree of malignancy and progresses of gastric cancer.3. There is a significant correlation between AKT-2and PGC in gastric carcinoma. The overexpression of AKT-2and the lowexpression of PGC may play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma. |
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