Research On Songshu’s Reform Thoughts

At the end of the nineteenth century, the capitalist powers knocked down the China’door.From then on, China has constantly getting beaten by foreign capitalism powers in many aspects.Especially the western modern thoughts had deep influence on some Chinese precursors. Song Shuis one of the most important reform thinkers in modern China. He put forward a series ofcharacteristic reform claims.The refoms of Song Shu put forward had a extensive content. It searched from the upperpolitical system to economic thought that related to people’s survival and from the improvement ofeducation to female liberate. With regard to politics, he criticized feudal autocratic severely and putforward the saying of“Sanshiyishi”, ask for set up parliament, reform bureaucratic, change theexaminnation system(as “san shi”) and change the clothes (as”yishi”). He also called for legalreform. He had his own insight in lawyer defence system, partition and inheritance of the propertysystem, forbid and abolish cruel criminal legal and so on. With respect to economy, Songshuadvocated learn technology from western countries and develop capitalistic economy. Heconsidered that the government should encourage people to develop industry and commerce,andproposed a series of measures for the development of industry and commerce. With regard toeducation, he criticized the feudal autocratic education system severely which bound the people.He advocated education reform, promoted education for all,enforced modern schooling systems.He emphasized social public education. In order to improve the spiritual quality of the wholepeople,he suggested combine the direct education and the indirect education. At the same time,healso proposed special extracted education, which means elite education, in which he set his owncharacteristic system to select excellent learners,for learners to study and graduate. Regardingwomen’s liberation,Songshu standed on poor people’s position, took women’s liberation andsexual equality as the starting point,called for women’s liberation and suggested measures to rescuewomen.This context focuses on Songshu’s thoughts of politics, economy, education and women’sliberation,so that carry on deep research to Songshu’reform thoughts. Theses studyings shows hiscontribution to history education of China，and recover his reputation by this. Of course,there aredeficiency and boundness in his thoughts. This is time’necessity.Nevertheless, these can’t concealhis feats. First chapter: Songshu’s lifetime and wroks. The life background of his childhood and thesubsequent wandering life laid the foundations of reform thoughts for him. Songshu had manyworks but only a few of them handed down. We can find out the background and his positivesocial reform opinions from his works. It acts on the study of Songshu.Second chapter: Songshu’s Philosophy of political reform. He criticized the feudal system onpolity and legal system, put forward train of thought and advocates. His “Sanshiyishi”can bestreflect his political reform view.Third chapter: Songshu’s view on economic reform. He brought up diverse improved measuresto develop industry. His economy reform thoughts also included water conservancy, currencysystem innovation and all that.Fourth chapter: Songshu’s reform viewpoints of education. Songshu’s view on Chineseeducation reform in orientation, pathway and measures is revealed by the aspect of schooleducation, social education and elite education. Songshu is really a reform thinker at the periodfrom late Qing Dynasty to modern times indeed.Fifth chapter: Songshu’s thought of women’s liberation. As a result of the sympathy for Chinafemale who lack of social status, Songshu proposed several measures of women’s liberation. Hisprecious thoughts awaken women and reflected his ideology of gender equality.Sixth chapter: The historical value and imits of Songshu’s thought of reform. Focuses on thehistorical background, macroscopic thinking and details. we pay attention to the historical valueand positive meanings,also we find out his shortcomings,and give a deep exploration from thesubjective and objective aspects.