The Study On Metrics Of Verse End In Characters During The Pre-qin,Han,Wei,Jin,Northern And Southern Dynasties

The development of metrics of verse end in four-character verse and five-character verse are discussed in this paper. It consists of the next7chapters.The related materials,research goals and methods are discussed in the introduction. Some necessary data are defined and their appearance probability is counted out.The development of metrics of verse end in five-character verse are discussed in the first and second chapters. The even tone rhymes and obligue tone rhymes are treated differently. According to the related statistical data, the tone appearance of verse end was complex in Han and Wei Dynasties. In West Jin Dynasty.Lu Ji began to grasp a skill in it,and in south Qi,Shen Yue put forward a strict rule. The imbalance between even tone rhymes and obligue tone rhymes plays an important role in the development of the metrics.In the third chapter.l try to prove the representation of deprivation by tone-change is synchronous with the development of the metrics of verse end.The question Why the Raised Tail is difficult to avoid is also discussed. It is related with the utilize of common characters and normal word order. The rhyme patterns is also important. The driving force of the metrics of verse end is the expand of antithesis in the poems and the normative ideas besides the progress of phonology. The development of metrics of verse end in four-character verse are discussed in the fourth chapter. It makes some differences from five-character verse. The authors of the Book of Songs and Chu Ci had more attention on the metrics of verse end than later poets. Cao Zhi and Yan Yanzhi are the exception.Shen Yue and Xie Tiao put the rule of avoiding the raised tail into four-character verse. So we can see that different poetic styles are independent and at the same time,there is some interaction with them.Section transfer and rhyme shifts are discussed in the fifth chapter. They have something in common with the metrics of verse end and their appearance is evidence of the existence of the skill and the rule.The summary of this paper is shown in the sixth chapter. And I point out that it is helpful to the study of derivation by tone-change and to discriminate the proper character from the variant characters in poems.