In The New Deal In The Late Qing Dynasty Jinshi Studies Abroad

The implementation of new policy in later Qing which directly promoted the upsurge ofstudying abroad and the development of abroad education of China. Many traditional gentriesinvolved in the upsurge of studying abroad, including a battery of Jinshi who had gained officialrank. It is an unprecedented phenomenon. Those who won official rank through the imperialexamination can be considered as representatives of traditional Confucianist culture, especiallythe highest winner of imperial examination who can be rated as the cultural elites in traditionalChinese society and they were also the ruling rank in Qing dynasty. Why so many Jinshi evenHanlin studied abroad in later Qing? What were their goals? How was their studying situation?What was the role they had played in the social politics, culture and education after their comingback? This essay will research and discuss those questions related to Jinshi studying abroad.It is divided into four parts to discourse:The first part is the historical context of Jinshi studying abroad. It resulted from theimplementation of new policy, the cancellation of imperial examination, establishment of schools,preparation for constitution and so on. A series of policies were issued for encouraging studentsto study abroad by the government. Meanwhile, Japan, America and Europe carried out a policyof absorbing Chinese students in order to strengthen the control of Chinese culture. Therefore thephenomenon of Jinshi studying abroad in later Qing was happened under such backgrounds.The second part, it concludes four aspects, firstly, to narrate the ways of dispatch, includingcollective dispatch, Hanlin and other departments dispatch, local officer in every provincedispatch and studying abroad at one’s own expense. Secondly, to introduce their choice ofcountry and major. Then, to explain change of their social activities and minds during studyingabroad; Lastly, to introduce their heading after coming back.The third part is feature of Jinshi study abroad. Compared to other groups of studyingabroad, it has four conspicuous characteristics, including that the main way is governmentcollective dispatch, their goal is different, Japan is their main choice and studying majorconcentrates on law and politics.The last part is about the influence of Jinshi studying abroad during later Qing and earlierMing Guo; it is the major part of this article. Those Jinshi contributed to the political andculture-educational reformation after their coming back and had a great influence on politic,education and cultural reformation. It will discourse from three aspects of political reformation,modern education and culture transition.