Yuan Dynasty Third-holiest Wanan Temple And White Tower Building Layout Shape Of Long Life

A magnificent royal temple founded on the west-side of palace of Yuan dynasty capital—north of Beijing FuChengMenNei Street today--, there is a white pagoda of overturned-bowl form.It was built in Liao dynasty for the earliest time and was destroyed in the war.The rulers of Yuan dynasty believed in Tibetan Buddhism. Hubilie, the first emperor of Yuan dynasty, built a Tibetan pagoda and a new royal temple which was named as Temple of The Monastery of Greatness, Holy, Longevity and Everlasting Peace at the location of the destroyed temple at the beginning of Yuan dynasty. The temple had the function of ancestor temple and abutted with the imperial divine temple at that time.The pagoda in the temple was a magnificent Tibetan Pagoda which was found in hinterland of China for the first time. Both its special model different from the other inland pagodas and its unique architecture structure have a profound historical and cultural connotation. They reflected not only the policies of mollification over Tibetan by the rulers at that time but also the cultural exchanges between China and Nepal, Tibetan and Chinese inland. It is embodiment and inherits of the characteristic of the national multiple cultures.Based on the research results of former people, this article has systematically and particularly studied the temple in the aspects of their historical origin and development, layout of the temple, location, architecture characteristic and shape of the pagoda. The variety of methods which I used include the combines historical literatures, archaeological studies and views on the spot. All my research perhaps offer a references for the protection, maintenance and rebuilding of the temple for the future.First of all, the article started with the location of the Temple of The Monastery of Greatness, Holy, Longevity and Everlasting Peace. Then, it elaborated on the location and the aim of rebuilding the royal temple, studied the bound of the temple in Yuan dynasty capital according to literatures and archaeological studies making a simulated image reconstruction of the temple. Next, it explained the evolvement of the temple’s architectural position and the cause of its formation, studied its construction size in different times from dynasties of Liao, Yuan, Ming, Qing to the period of Minguo. It also analyzed their evolvements courses and cause of formation and discussed of the type and the origin of the white pagoda in the Temple. At the end of Yuan dynasty, the Temple of The Monastery of Greatness, Holy, Longevity and Everlasting Peace was destroyed in fire, and the entire palace had gone, but the white pagoda in it has been remaining still today. Finally, the author analyzed the temple and the white pagoda under the frame work of overall layout of Yuan dynasty capital, and their importance in Yuan dynasty capital have been recognized. The relationship between the temple and the imperial divine temple, the function of the temple as imperial ancestor temple, and the "Gold City and White Jade Pagoda" made up of the white pagoda and the Yuan dynasty capital had been described clearly.The relative location changes in the capital in the different times of dynasties of Yuan, Ming and Qing revealed the importance to royal and capital at the beginning of building the temple and the impacts of the white pagoda on aftertimes.