The Effects Of 8th Broadcast Gymnastics Exercise On Heart Rate Variability And Cardiopulmonary Function In Female Undergraduates

Objective: As an exercise with Chinese characteristics, broadcast gymnastics exercise couldadjust people’s mentality, relax nerve and cultivate character effectively, and play an importantrole in promoting the health of people. Heart rate variability (HRV) is the fine fluctuation in theinterval between consecutive heartbeats.HRV could be used to assess quantitatively the changes inactivity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and also the balance between them. Thispaper planed to survey the changes of HRV indexes in subjects before, during and immediatelyafter the exercise to assess the regulating effect of 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise on cardiacautonomic nerve with indexes of HRV,and to provide theoretical support for promoting thebroadcast gymnastics again.Subjects: Thirty-four female undergraduate volunteers took part in this study. They were recruitedby completing PARQ＆YOU questionnaire ,physical activity index questionnaire and symptomassessment scale (SCL-90), answering questions about the demographic characteristics and healthstatus,and being tested HRV and cardiopulmonary function. All subjects were healthy, no smoking,no drinking, no heart and respiratory system diseases, and non-sports contraindications. Allsubjects were told the purpose and process of this experiment, had written informed consent toparticipate and were willing to cooperate with the experiment. They were randomly divided intothree groups: control group(n=12)，which could not do any related exercises; experimental group1(n=11)and experimental group 2(n=11), both of which did 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise for8 weeks, five days a week, two times a day(group 1) or four times a day(group 2).Contents：①The effects of different postures on HRV in resting state;②The acute effect of 8thbroadcast gymnastics exercise on HRV indexes before, during, immediately after and 5 minutesafter the exercise;③The effects of different movements of 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise onHRV;④The effects of 8 weeks of different frequencies of 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise on HRV indexes.Methods: The author used the method of documents,questionaire survey,experiments andmathematical statistics and so on in this paper.⑴Exercise prescription:①The period was 8 weeks;②Training type was based on 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise which the State Sports GeneralAdministration promoted;③Exercise intensity was according to the inherent rhythm of 8thbroadcast gymnastics exercise;④The exercise time was 8 minutes for group 1and16 minutes forgroup 2 each day, respectively ;⑤Exercise frequency was 5 days/week, two times / time / day forgroup 1 and two times / time / day for group 2, respectively;⑥The subjects were asked to wearappropriate clothing, taught and coached before the experiment to ensure each subject doingexercise standardly and skillfully. The time a day and place for doing exercise were fixed. Thecontrol group didn’t do any related exercises during the experiment.⑵Index test:①HRV wasmeasured by a polar RR-recorder (S810i, Finland) and analyzed by the specialized software (polarprecision performance SW). Heart rates were recorded before, during, immediately after and 5minutes after the exercise, and recorded in resting state before trail, after 4 weeks and after 8weeks respectively. The observed indexes include both frequency-domain indexes,such asLF,HF,LFnorm,HFnorm and LF/HFand time-domain indexes,such as SD and RMSSD.②Thepulmonary function were tested by MasterScreen CPX ergospirometry testing device before trailand after 8weeks.③The subject’s mental health in resting state was tested with symptomassessment scale (SCL-90) before trail and after 8weeks.④The body composition was tested andanalyzed by Vivente Body Composition Analyzer made in Korea before trail and after 8weeks .Results:①The effects of different postures on HRV in resting state: Body postures significantlyaffected the SD, RMSSD, LFnorm, HFnorm and LF / HF values.The values of RMSSD andHfnorm which reflected the activity of the heart parasympathetic nerve were the lowest instanding position and the highest in the supine position. The value of LFnorm which was mainlyaffected by the activity of the sympathetic nerve was the highest in standing position and thelowest in the supine position ,but the SD which also reflected the activity of the sympathetic nervehad the opposite result. The LF/HF ratio which meant the balance between the sympathetic andparasympathetic nerves activity was the lowest in the supine position and the highest in standingposition.②The acute effect of 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise on HRV indexes before, during,immediately after and 5 minutes after the exercise: during 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise, theRMSSD and HFnorm decreased (P＜0.01) ,while SD and LFnorm increased(P＜0.01). In addition,RMSSD and HFnorm were still lower, SD and LFnorm were still higher 5 minutes after exercisethan that at rest(P＜0.01). The LF/HF ratio increased during exercise and immediately after exercise(P＜0.01).③The effects of 8 weeks of different frequencies of 8th broadcast gymnasticsexercise on HRV indexes: SD which were mainly affected by the activity of the sympathetic nervedecreased significantly in both group1 and group 2 after 8 weeks broadcast gymnastics exercise (P＜0.05).④The effects of different movements of 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise on HRV: Theminimum value of SD appeared in the kicking movement and the maximum values were found inthe all-around movement and jumping movement; the values of RMSSD were the lowest in thechest movement, kicking movement, all-around movement and jumping movement and thehighest in the finishing movement; The minimum value of LFnorm appeared in the lateralmovement, rotatory movement and finishing movement, the maximum value appeared in theall-around movement and jumping movement; The minimum values of HFnorm appeared in theall-around movement and jumping movement and the maximum were showed in the lateralmovement, rotatory movement and finishing movement; The minimum ratios of LF / HF werefound in the stretching movement, rotatory movement and finishing movement and the maximumvalue appeared in the jumping movement.⑤The effects of 8weeks of 8th broadcast gymnasticsexercise on cardiopulmonary function: The PEF、Tmax、VEmaxand loadmaxincreased significantlyin both group1 and group 2 after 8 weeks broadcast gymnastics exercise (P＜0.05 orP<0.01),while PIF showed a highly significant increase in group 1(P<0.01).⑥The effects of8weeks of 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise on on the SCL-90 factor: The obsessive-compulsivesymptoms index, psychosis factor and total symptom scores decreased significantly in group 2after 8 weeks broadcast gymnastics exercise (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusions:①The movements of 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise showed different effects onfrequency- and time-domain HRV indexes.②The 8th broadcast gymnastics exercise couldsignificantly affect the time- and frequency-domain HRV indexes，characterized by increasingsympathetic tone and decreasing parasympathetic tone. The acute effects of this exercise only lastfor 5 minutes. The time- and frequency-domain indexes changes in time were not entirelyconsistent.③The 8 weeks broadcast gymnastics exercise training could significantly decrease theheart sympathetic tone.④The 8 weeks broadcast gymnastics exercise training could significantlyimprove pulmonary function. In addition, doing exercise four times / day could reduce theobsessive-compulsive symptoms and psychiatric factorsand improve mental health.in subjects.