The Effect Of Wheat Peptides On Intestinal Mucosa Barrier In Simulated Altitude Training Rats And Its Mechanism

Objective:In order to explore the effect of simulated altitude training on intestinal mucosa morphosis in rats and the possible mechanism, and the intervention of wheat peptide supplement on intestinal mucosa morphosis in altitude training rats.Method:The study objects were6-week-old male SD rats, weight160-180g, After two weeks of adaptive feeding, the rats are randomly divided into6groups, control group (group C, n=10), altitude for control group (group HC, n=10), Exercise training group (group E, n=10), Add wheat peptide+exercise training group (group EW, n=10), altitude training group(group HE, n=10), altitude training+wheat peptide group (group HEW, n=10). Ordinary feeds separatly given according to the grouping requirements of the experiment. The weight of the rats are measured Weekly. Irrigate wheat peptide solution after every training and dose of wheat peptide is500mg/kg.bw. Draw materials on next morning of the last exercise training and keeping fasting. After9weeks, the intestinal mucosa morphosis, serum MAO activityt and SOD, GSH-Px activities, MDA content in bowel tissue of rats were observed.Results:①Compared with C group, average height of intestine villi significantly increased (P<0.05) in E group rats, and the number of intestina villi increase but has not obvious difference (P>0.05). Average height of intestine villi significantly reduced (P<0.05) in HC group rats, and the number of intestine villi decreased but had no significant difference (P>0.05). Through the double factor variance analysis, long-term endurance exercise training can make average height and number of intestina villi significantly reduced (P<0.01, P<0.05) in the low oxygen environment.Supplying wheat peptide can make average height and number of intestina villi increased significantly (P<0.05). Exercise training combined supplying wheat peptide could make average height of intestina villi increased which has significant interaction (P<0.05), but the change of the number of intestina villi had no significant interaction (P>0.05).②By electron microscopy observation, in the group C of rats mucosal epithelium microvilli closely spaced, and the arrangement was chaos, and the number of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum were rich, morphological structure was normal, and the epithelial cells connected closely. In the group E of rats bowel mucosal epithelium microvilli was in alignment, and the number of microvilli are quantity and closely together, the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum in cytoplasm were more abundant, morphological structure was normal. In the group HC of rats number of bowel mucosal epithelium microvilli was obviously reduced and the height of bowel mucosal epithelium microvilli significantly shortened, and they arranged more disorder, some part of the mitochondria had denatured. The gap between epithelium cells grows wider, some nuclear chromatin margination, appeared the phenomenon of apoptosis. In the group HE of rats bowel mucosal epithelium microvilli significantly reduced, the height of microvilli significantly shortened, and the arrangement was chaos, the number of mitochondria decrease, part of mitochondria have existed degeneration phenomenon. Some cells appeared apoptosis phenomenon which performanced for some nuclear chromatin margination and a apoptotic body was seen. In the group HW of rats intestinal mucosal epithelial cell microvilli was basic rules, the arrangement was tight, rough endoplasmic reticulum of cytoplasm is relatively abundant, and morphology were normal. Mucosal epithelial cells are connected tightly; vesicle material were found increased in some cytoplasm. In the group HEW of rats number of intestinal mucosa epithelial cell microvilli increase, the height get more long, and arrangement was more tight, mucosal epithelial cells are connected tightly, cell nuclear structure was normal: number of mitochondrial is more abundant and the structure is normal.③Compared with C group, serum MAO activity had no significant change (P>0.05) in group E rats, however serum MAO activity increased significantly (P<0.05)in HC group rat. Through the double factor variance analysis, long-term endurance exercise training could significantly improve serum MAO activity (P<0.05) of rats in hypoxia environment, supplying wheat peptides could significantly reduce the serum MAO activity (P<0.01), but exercise combined with added wheat peptides could reduces serum MAO activity which had no significant interaction (P>0.05).④Compared with C group, GSH-Px、SOD activities in small intestine increased significantly (P<0.05) and the MDA content was decreased significantly (P<0.01) in group E rats. SOD、 GSH-Px activities in small intestine decreased significantly (P<0.05) and the MDAcontent was increased significantly (P<0.01) in group HC rats. Through the double factor analysis variance, in hypoxia environment, long-term endurance exercise training can make the SOD and GSH-Px activities in small intestine was significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the MDA content increased significantly (P<0.05). Supplying wheat peptides can make the SOD, GSH-Px activities in small intestine was significantly increased(P<0.01), the MDA content was decreased (P<0.05). Exercise training combined with supplying wheat peptides have a significant interaction on improving SOD, GSH-Px activities (P<0.01), it also have a significant interaction on reducing intestinal MDA content in small intestine (P<0.05)Conclusion:①90min endurance training had no significant effect on rat intestinal mucosal barrier, and long-term hypoxia exposure and altitude training could cause intestinal mucosal to occur pathological injury.②Supplying wheat peptides could effectively prevent the injury of intestinal mucosal barrier induced by chronic hypoxia exposure and altitude training.③Long-term hypoxia exposue and altitude training could reduced antioxidant capacity in intestinal, increase the generation of oxygen free radical, which may be the pathophysiologic mechanism of.intestinal mucosal barrier injury caused by long-term hypoxia exposure or altitude training.④Supplying wheat peptides could effectively improve intestinal antioxidant capacity, reduce the generation of oxygen free radicals induced by hypoxic exposure or altitude training, which also may be the pathophysiologic mechanism that supplying wheat peptides had a effective intervention on injure of intestinal mucosal barrier caused by hypoxic exposure or altitude training.