Extraction And Analysis Of Impervious Surface In Hangzhou Based On Landsat Remote Sensing Data

Rapid urbanization is the main force of urban development and has caused dramatic land use and land cover(LULC) change and led to various environmental issues in China. It is quite important to analyze the interference between urban development and its environmental issues. Impervious surface is a key indicator of urbanization, and it is feasible to analyze urban environment change by estimating the distribution of urban impervious surface. The integration of RS and GIS provides an effective tool to do urban studies. This Study used an integrated approach of Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and quantitative analysis to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban impervious surface in Hangzhou. Based on previous academician’s studies, this study used effective methods to extract information of impervious surface and examines its relationship with urban development. In this study, the vegetation-impervious surface-soil (V-I-S) model and linear spectral mixture analysis (LSMA) were employed to extract the information of impervious surface in Hangzhou. The data used in this study include digital data of district administrative boundaries, sociocconomic data of Hangzhou, multi-temporal Landsat EM images of2000,2005, and2010.Firstly, the paper illustrated the background and significance of extracting information of LCLU based on remote sensing images, introduced the basic concept of LULC, LSMA and V-I-S, concluded the status quo and progress of application of remote sensing in urban studies and illustrated typical spectral features of urban surface. The multiple temporal remote sensing images data were preprocessed, including atmospheric correction and geometric correction. This study used RS techniques to collect multispectral and multi-temporal data of impervious surface in Hangzhou and turned them into information of impervious surface. Four end members were selected. Linear spectral mixture analysis was conducted to extract the information of impervious surface. The accuracy for the classification was verified by field checking or comparing with existing LULC maps that have been field checked. GIS techniques aims to calculated area of impervious surface in each part of Hangzhou in different years by ArcGIS and analyze the changes of impervious surface. Based on the change of impervious surface. Then, quantitative methods were used to analyze the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban growth. Firstly, use increased ratio of impervious surface to illustrate the increase of impervious surface. Besides, this study adopted Theil’s entropy index to measure the difference of urban growth in different parts of Hangzhou. Finally, multiple linear regression analysis are applied to analyze the changes of impervious surface. This study also conducted qualitative analysis on the effects of political institution on the changes of impervious surface of Hangzhou based on the information and data about spatial planning projects, policies of land use, market and international political economy of Hangzhou.This study examined the change of impervious surface in Hangzhou and its relationship with socioeconomic factors by employing an integrated approach of RS, GIS and quantitative methods. The result of this study is useful to accurately and objectively evaluate the changes of impervious surface in Hangzhou, so it will provide scientific theories and methods of how to optimize future development and offer feasible scientific basis the urban planning.