| On the basis of previous researching, this article is mainly discussing the provenances of city wall’s rammed layers of the city wall of the Neolithic Liangzhu City, around the core content of the Neolithic Liangzhu City and the coupling process of geomorphic environment. Comparing with different indicators of grain size, organic matter, active iron and magnetic minerals et al from MT2and HN2(Mantou hill and Huangnikou, Reticulate red clay of the soil profile), QH1(Qihe village, yellow soil profile), NMS (Nanmu hill, yellow soil profile) and SCI (Songcheng theme park, red soil profile). We also find some conclusions according to environmental magnetism, grain size, organic matter, active iron and magnetic mineral index. Finally this article analyze the influent factors and formation mechanism of environmental magnetism, conclusions are as follows:(1) Comparing magnetism and granularity, It can be found that the wall of rammed layers, MT2, HN2, SC1, QH1and NMS exist obvious differences in particle size composition. The content of silt in rammed layers is between61-63%, while the content of clay from33-34%. All of QH1and NMS silt content lower than55%, clay content lower than30%, sand content increasing more obviously, the frequency curve and magnetic parameters also can be found the MT2, HN2and SCI and rammed layers consistent very well, while QHl and NMS is obvious different at peak and content. Above all, liangzhu ancient city walls rammed layers source are MT2, HN2and SC1, not QHl and NMS.(2) Between different layers through the soil profile (MT2, HN2, SCI and the rammed layers), we found that teluviation and deposition layer were close to rammed layers. But there are differences in SCI parent material layer. It shows the reticulate red clay is the main selection as rammed layers source which is the development of the soil weathering crust in upper of reticulate red clay. In later stage, people used the parent material layer of the reticulate red clay as upper material sources.(3)To further analysis correlation of the liangzhu ancient city and landscape environment, we find out reticulate red earth widely is wide distributed in hangjiahu plain, which also is a very rich clay resources. Other content of the soil is less enough to build the wall. However the reticulate red clay became the good provenance because of high viscosity (clay over30%, sand under10%)and low organic matter(under1%). Thus Liangzhu people researching the surrounding landscape, chose the widely distributed the reticulate red clay to ram the wall.(4)Comparing with the characteristics when it comes to variations from the same climate:Magnetic status is depended on parent materials. The rate of decay and the climate have no effect on magnetic parameters. Meanwhile, the reticulate red clay soil magnetism is depended on parent material. The influence of patent material about the reticulate red clay is large, the high magnetic of patent material become very low when its development of soil magnetism, and the low magnetic of patent material is opposite. And for the size of the particles, generally the high magnetic material will exist in MD or SP grain. When the high organic matter content, magnetic minerals increase obvious, on the contrary, magnetic minerals being unstable. Different oxidation-reduction environment also can affect the formation of magnetic minerals. Iron magnetite is more stable than magnetic hematite in oxidation-reduction environment. The presence of organic matter will promote to generate of magnetic hematite, inhibit the conversion of magnetic minerals at the same time. |
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