Controlled Synthesis And Performance Of Polyaniline Nanofibers And Polyaniline-gold Fibrillar Nanocomposites

Polyaniline(PANI) nanofibers have caused extensive attentions in the fields ofscience and technology，and been a hotspot of material researches，because they possessthe excellences of both conducting polymers and nano-materials. In recent years, thedevelopment of metal particles and conducting polymer composites, particularly,composites of gold nano-particles and PANI, have attracted considerable interest due totheir interesting properties and a wide range of the promising potential applications invarious fields, such as sensors, storage battery, capacitor, electromagnetic shielding andmarine anticorrosive, and so on.Many synthesizing methods have been developed for preparing polyanilinenanofibers and its composites, such as hard/soft templates, interfacial polymerizationand chemical oxidative polymerization, and etc. However, very few attempts have beenreported to date for a one-pot synthesis route in ethylene glycol (EG) medium. In thispaper, it will be used.In this dissertation, the authors focused on the key issues in controlled synthesis ofPANI nanofibers and polyaniline-gold fibrillar nanocomposites, to explore thecontrollable synthesis of functional nanomaterials and the elaborated construction ofparticular microstructure on the basis of the electrochemical performance andmorphology analysis. The details are summarized briefly as follows: On the one hand,PANI nanofibers was prepared by polymerization with APS as composite oxidant, EGas solvent, HCl as doping acid, the eriect of the reaction mode, reaction temperature,concentrations of HCl and concentrations of APS on microstructure and electrochemicalproperties of PANI was discussed. Compare the micro morphology and electrochemicalproperties of PANI which synthesized in EG medium. On the other hand, thepolyaniline-gold (PANI-AuNPs) fibrillar nanocomposites was prepared bypolymerization with chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) as composite oxidant, EG as solvent,HCl as doping acid, the eriect of the reaction mode, reaction time, reaction temperatureand concentrations of HAuCl4on microstructure and electrochemical properties ofPANI-AuNPs was discussed. Compare the micro morphology and electrochemicalproperties of PANI-AuNPs which synthesized in EG medium.The conclusion was as follow: First of all, by comparing the single factor underconditions of microstructure and electrochemical properties, it was shows that the optimal microstructure and properties of PANI nanofibers was achieved when thereaction mode was mixing, reaction temperature was0℃, the concentrations of HCl is0.1mol/L，the molar ratio of aniline(An) to APS was1:1. Secondly, compared with thePANI-AuNPs synthesized, it was shows that the optimal microstructure and propertiesof PANI-AuNPs was achieved when the reaction mode was mixing, reactiontemperature was10℃, treaction time was24hours and the molar ratio ofHAuCl4to Anwas1:20.