| A study of modern nutrition indicated that durian has high nutritional value,contains some bioactive components for example flavonoids, polysaccharide gel,anthocyanins, flavone,etc. As a kind of high value-added content durian shell may also contain similar effective components.Nowdays the use of durian shell is lack of processing and using, most of them were discarded in the ridge of field.This is not only waste of material resources but also made environmental pollution. We should think and exploration that how to effectively use these resources and exerting its functions.In order to effectively use this resource, in our study the bioactive components flavonoids extraction,separation and antioxidation were discussed and investigated.The results can provide a technology reference to durian shell comprehensive utilization and the development of new products.The main content of this paper as follows:1.Influence of ethanol refluxing extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods were compared.The effect of ethanol density,liquid/solid ratio,extraction temperature,extraction time on extraction rate were investigated,and do the orthogonal test combined with single factor result.Optimal conditions of ethanol refluxing extraction as follows:liquid/solid ratio is1:25, ethanol density is50%, min extraction time is15and extraction temperature is60℃,the flavonoids yield is21.9306mg/g.And that of ultrasonic-assisted extraction as follows:liquid/solid ratio is1:25,ethanol density is60%,extraction time is20min and extraction temperature is70℃,the flavonoids yield is29.0227mg/g.By the way of making a comparison between ethanol refluxing extraction ratio and ultrasonic-assisted extraction ratio,the result showed that the yield of flavonids using ultrasonic extraction were much higher.2. Extraction conditions were further studied based on Central Composite Design Principle and orthogonal experiment. And mathematics model of the correlation between extraction ratio(Y) and influencing factors is established:Y=21.17559-1.673437*X1+2.103054*X2+0.503329*X3+0.451063*X4+0.494829*X5-0.687953*X1*X1-0.940556*X1*X2+0.129081*X1*X3-0.039731*X1*X4-0.108256*X1*X5-0.436703*X2*X2-0.189881*X2*X3-0.047769*X2*X4+0.186406*X2*X5-0.054903*X3*X3-0.122981*X3*X4+0.156044*X3*X5+0.216159*X4*X4+0.228581*X4*X5+0.195184*X5*X5As for factors in the model X1X2X3X4,X5,X1X2,X12,X22are all significant.In the formula,X1,X2X3,X4and X5refer to ethanol density,liquid/solid ratio,extraction temperature,extraction time,ultrasonic power respectively.X1X2refer to interactive effect between Xi and X2.X12and X22are quadric terms of former factors.According to the model,optimal conditions of extraction yield are as follows:ethanol density is50%,liquid/solid ratio is30:1,extraction temperature is47℃extraction time is40min,ultrasonic power is200W,the flavonoids yield is21.9306mg/g.3.This article also study on the purification of the total flavonoid from durian shell.Four different macroporous resin (AB-8,D101,D4020,polyamide) were screened with regard to absorption and desorption capacity for durian shell flavonoids.It is determined that the AB-8resin is the most suitable type to purify durian shell flavonoids,we also study the effect of sample concentration,dynamic leakage curve,eluent concentration and eluent quantity to purify durian shell flavonoids.The best purify conditions for durian shell flavonoids are as follows:sample concentration is1.1278～1.4017mg/ml,sample quantity is1-5times BV,eluent concentration is60%ethanol solution,eluent quantity is4times BV.4. Study to the antioxidation of durian shell flavonoids in vitro.Determining onion flavonlids’s reducing power,the ability of scavenging Hydroxyl(OH),remove superoxide anions(O2-) and inhibiting nitrite.The O2-scavenging activity is20.33%-40.32%,the OH scavenging activity is32.45%～66.97%,the nitrite scavenging activity is53.66%-89.58%.The study proved that durian shell flavonoids has the antioxidation activity in vitro. |
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