Construction Of Ecological Compensation Mechanism For Controliing Farmland Nitrogen Non-Point Pollution

Farmland nitrogen non-point pollution is one of the agricultural environmental issues that our country is facing, it has threated our country’s agriculture sustainable development, and ecologal and environmental resources from farmland.The Academics have carried out a lot of researches to solve the problem of serious Nitrogen Non-point pollution. At present, the researchal achievements of china about nitrogen Non-point pollution controlling focused primarily on engineering and technical measures, the research about control management policy for Non-point pollution is quite weak. The successful practice of foreign farmland nitrogen non-point pollution controlling proved that limiting the nitrogen fertilizer rate is one of the best strategy for controlling farmland non-point pollution in source, but to limit nitrogen fertilizer rate will involve the farmers’interests,that need to establish an effective incentive mechanism to coordinate the conflict between controlling pollution and protecting the interests of farmers, and building the ecological compensation mechanism is an effective strategy to solve this problem. Lack of ecological compensation is an important root of China’s failure to effectively control the farmland nitrogen non-point pollution at this stage; therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on ecological compensation for nitrogen non-point pollution controlling.Based on the foregoing, we constructed a theoretical framework for systematic analysis of the formation mechanism of the farmland nitrogen non-point pollution, and relying on which, we analysised to demonstrate constructing an ecological compensation mechanism to control the feasibility and necessity of the farmland nitrogen non-point pollution, and initially builted the ecological compensation mechanismfor farmland nitrogen non-point pollution controlling. First defined the ecological compensation connotation of farmland nitrogen non-point of pollution controlling, and elaborated the basic principles of builting ecological compensation mechanism, and the basic elements of the ecological compensation mechanism,then focus on ecological compensation standard calculation method, finally Yixing city as an example, using an empirical study, the results of the study are as follows:(1) Farmland nitrogen non-point pollution is the product of the interaction of ecological environment and socio-economic system, social and economic development affect or change the effect of environmental factors, thus affecting the formation process of the non-point pollution or pollution levels. Along with the development of the agricultural economy, the variation of crop structure, arrangements and transformation of farmland system, adjustment of agriculture production organization model, arrangements in agricultural environmental protection system, will affect the nitrogen fertilizer rate, thus affecting the degree of the farmland nitrogen pollution. The agricultural producers motivated to maximize the economic benefits and excessive consumption of the agricultural environment resources, resulting in the destruction of farmland ecosystems and the the non-point pollution problems highlighting. the strong externalities of agricultural production’s existence is the most important causes of leading the nitrogen non-point pollution worse.Building ecological compensation mechanism can correct the externalities, effectively control the severe nitrogen pollution.(2) The government is the subject of the ecological compensation of farmland nitrogen non-point pollution controlling, and the farmers that will reduce nitrogen rate is the object of ecological compensation.Farmers reduced nitrogen rate to the optimum ecological economic nitrogen application amount, can be compensated, The ecological agronomic nitrogen fertilizer dose for current production25.04kiolgram per mu, the theoretical value of compensation range was41.96～473.18Yuan per mu,68.3%of the farmers in Yi Xing City were willing to reduce nitrogen fertilizer rate under the government’s providing compensation, the standard of compensation for the farmers controlling farmland nitrogen non-point pollution is53.8Yuan per mu. The farmers’ educational level, farming number of a family and farming experience were the significant factors that affectd the farmers’s acceptting compensation decisions. Farmers being willing to reduce the nitrogen fertilizer to control the agricultural non-point source pollution hoped that the government’s compensation was cash compensation. The farmers that were reluctant to reduce nitrogen fertilizer worried about reducing nitrogen fertilizer would increase trouble for crop management, and the government not compensating in time.