Study Of Three Pollutants On DNA Damage And Oxidative Damage In Mice

Recently, phenolic compounds are widely used in the chemistries and industries and are abundantly present in the environment. They have been detected in wastewater, rivers and soils.4-nitrophenol, a kind of the phenolic compounds, has been listed as priority monitoring environmental pollutant and the important pollutant due to its widely using, extensive pollution sources and extensive toxicity to environment and human beings. Diethyl phthalate, one of the PAEs (phthalate esters), is the most commonly used plasticizer in many industrial products, including tools, automotive parts, toothbrushes, food packaging, cosmetics and insecticides. As entering the environment it can be toxic to microorganisms, plants and animals as well as human beings. Chrysene, a typical PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) contains four condensed benzene rings, produced as a result of industrial producing and incomplete combustion of organic materials. It has been reported to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. As the three pollutants all have the characteristics of refractory, wide sources, extensive toxicity and less studies are reported about them, especially about the DNA damage and oxidative damage. Hence, this study is to explore their genotoxicity by using comet assay and explore their oxidative damage by examining changes of activities of SOD, CAT, POD and the content of MDA in liver, bone arrow, spleen and kidney of mice. Which is of great significant to understand the toxicity of them and can provide scientific basis to further evaluate a safe standard of environment.The results:1.Regardless of in vitro or in vivo,4-nitrophenol caused DNA damage of all mice cells and it exhibited dose-effect relationship. In vitro test, compared to the negative controls, at10mg/L4-nitrophenol, the Tail DNA of bone marrow and kidney cells and the OTM of liver, bone marrow and kidney cells showed differences(p<0.05), the Tail DNA of liver and spleen cells and the OTM of spleen cells showed significant differences(p<0.01); at20mg/L4-nitrophenol, the Tail DNA and OTM of four cells showed significant differences(p<0.01).In vivo test, compared to the negative controls, at12.5mg/kg4-nitrophenol, the Tail DNA of spleen cells showed differences(p<0.05), at25mg/kg4-nitrophenol, the Tail DNA of bone marrow cells and the OTM of four cells showed differences(p<0.05), the Tail DNA of liver, spleen and kidney cells showed significant differences(p<0.01); at50mg/kg4-nitrophenol, the Tail DNA and OTM of four cells showed significant differences(p<0.01).In oxidative test, compared to the negative controls, the activities of SOD, CAT and POD were reduced and the contents of MDA were increased and exhibited dose-effect relationship.2.Regardless of in vitro or in vivo, chrysene caused DNA damage of all mice cells and it exhibited dose-effect relationship. In vitro test, compared to the negative controls, at10mg/L chrysene, the Tail DNA and OTM of four cells showed differences(p<0.05); at20mg/L chrysene, the OTM of bone marrow, spleen and kidney cells showed differences(p<0.05), the OTM of liver cells and the Tail DNA of four cells showed significant differences(p<0.01). In vivo test, compared to the negative controls, at8mg/kg chrysene, the Tail DNA of liver cells showed differences(p<0.05); at16mg/kg chrysene, the Tail DNA of bone marrow cells, spleen and kidney cells and the OTM of liver, bone marrow and spleen cells showed differences(p<0.05), the Tail DNA of liver cells showed significant differences(p<0.01); at32mg/kg chrysene, the OTM of bone marrow, spleen and kidney cells showed differences(p<0.05); the Tail DNA of four cells and the OTM of liver cells showed significant differences(p<0.01).In oxidative test, compared to the negative controls, the activities of SOD, CAT and POD were reduced and the contents of MDA were increased and exhibited dose-effect relationship.3.Regardless of in vitro or in vivo, diethyl phthalate caused DNA damage of all mice cells and it exhibited dose-effect relationship. In vitro test, compared to the negative controls, at10mg/L diethyl phthalate, the Tail DNA and OTM of liver and spleen cells showed differences(p<0.05); at20mg/L diethyl phthalate, the OTM of four cells and the Tail DNA of liver, bone marrow and kidney cells showed differences(p<0.05), the Tail DNA of spleen cells showed significant differences(p<0.01). In vivo test, compared to the negative controls, at860mg/kg diethyl phthalate, the Tail DNA of spleen cells and the OTM of spleen and kidney cells showed differences(p<0.05); at1720mg/kg diethyl phthalate, the OTM of four cells and the Tail DNA of liver, bone marrow and spleen cells showed differences(p<0.05), the Tail DNA of spleen cells showed significant differences(p<0.01); In oxidative test, compared to the negative controls, the activities of SOD, CAT and POD were reduced and the contents of MDA were increased and exhibited dose-effect relationship.In this study, the three pollutants4-nitrophenol, chrysene and diethyl phthalate all caused DNA damage and oxidative damage on liver, bone marrow, spleen and kidney within a certain dose range.