Study On Extraction Of Oil Rich With Astaxanthin And PUFAs From Penaeus Chinensis Waste

Penaeus chinensis is a specialty of bohai rim region, during the processing there willappear a lot of Penaeus Chinensis Waste,which contains shrimptail, shrimp shell andshrimp head.This material contains abundant unsaturated fatty acid, astaxanthin, greaseand other active substances, with a high nutritional value, medicinal value and economicvalue. The main task of this topic is the comprehensive development and utilization of theChinese prawn processing waste, by using the high-new technologies of food industry inthe21st century like supercritical fluid extraction, vacuum freeze drying and enzymeengineering to get a process method for astaxanthin and unsaturated fatty acids rich ingrease, in order to enable the research to the biggest efficiency of environment, gain thebest social benefit and the maximum economic benefit.Based on the extraction efficiency of unsaturated fatty acids and astaxanthin, differentextraction methods are compared, the results show that: different extraction methods on oilextraction yield are not identical, the enzymatically supercritical CO₂extraction show thehighest rate7.88%; the supercritical CO₂extraction method and the organic solventextraction have a higher rate about6.17%and6.12%respectively;Rates for astaxanthin of Different extraction methods are also different, through theuniform conversion （on a weight of vacuum freeze dried shrimp powder）, astaxanthincontent in the samples is47.76μg/g by the enzymatically supercritical CO₂extraction,significantly higher than the other methods; content in the samples is23.25μg/g of thesupercritical CO₂extraction without enzyme. Through the comparing, we can have thefollowing conclusion: the enzymatically supercritical CO₂extraction is a kind of superiorto traditional methods, and a new extraction methods which can get oil rich withastaxanthin.Then the aim of the study is tooptimize process parameters of the extraction of oil rich withastaxanthin from the shrimp waste. We established a efficient method for extraction ofastaxanthin: using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction and enzyme engineeringmethod, by adding papain in supercritical fluid extraction, taking into account the influenceof extraction pressure, extraction temperature, enzyme levels, CO₂flow rate andextraction time on the rate of oil and astaxanthin, and according to the results of thesesingle factor experiments, the software Design Expert DX8is employed for experimentaldesign, data analysis and model building. A three-variable, three-level Box–Behnken design was applied to optimize the extraction conditions with the oil and astaxanthinrecovery from the powder.The experimental domain of the three-variable, three-level BBDconsisted of17runs. Through mathematical models to predict the optimal extractionconditions for: extraction pressure of314bar, extraction temperature42℃and enzymelevels6.6%, at which the rate of oil is7.88%; the content of astaxanthin is529.83μg/g,increased10.27%; the content of PUFAs is28.62%, increased13.75%before optimize.