| Diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus.DM) is a metabolism and endocrinediseases,characterized as elevated plasma glucose,caused by insulin secretion and (or) therole of defects,at the same time with metabolic abnormalities of sugar,protein,fat.Plasma glucose at a high level state for a long time can result in serious harm to systemicorgans and tissues,such as heart, brain, kidney, and lead to dysfunction oforgans,eventually organ failure.In recent years,with the morbidity rate of diabetes increasing, a trend of rapiddevelopment in diabetes appears in the worldwide. According to diabetic epidemiologicalresearch of WHO(World Health Organization, referred to as WHO), the number of globaldiabetics was30million in1980s,whereas the number of global diabetics was120million in1990s. The latest research of IDF(the International Diabetes Federation)shows:there have been over285million diabetics in the worldwide since2009.Thanks to the policy of reform and opening up,with the rapid economic and socialdevelopment,the last three decades have seen great improvement in people’s livingstandard. At the same time,the morbidity rate of diabetes has been increasing in ourcountry.The diabetic epidemiological research of0.3million people from14provincesand cities across the country showed, the morbidity rate of diabetes was0.7%in1980.The diabetic epidemiological survey organized by Diabetes Society of the ChineseMedical Association leaded by professor Yang Wenying in the Beijing China-JapanFriendship Hospital showed,however,the morbidity rate of diabetes was9.7%among theadults aged over20during2007and2008.In other words,the total number of diabeticsamong Chinese adults was92.4million.It is possible that the number of Chinesediabetics has been the most ones in the worldwide. With the rapid prevalence of diabetes in the worldwide,the problem that how toeffectively prevent and control diabetes and its chronic complications has become one ofthe important goals of the medical and health all over the world. The relevantprofessional personnel have paid more attention to diabetic epidemiologicalinvestigation,such as morbidity rate,awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate and soon. Due to perfect investigation system,the diabetic epidemiological investigation andhealth education that had long been carried out,work very well in Europe and the UnitedStates.They also work well in Japan, South Korea, Singapore.Moreover, the awarenessrate, treatment rate and control rate of diabetes are all higher for the citizens from theabove regions and countries. In comparison,the diabetic epidemiological investigationand health education that had been carried out late,remain in the primary stage in ourcountry.Because of the limit of medical development level and health conditions,theawareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of diabetes are generally lower.Many epidemiological investigation in medicine show that the morbidity rate andthe treatment rate of the same disease vary in different countries, different regions,different ethnic groups. Large-scale epidemiological survey of diabetes mellitus in Chinaare few.There are many regional diabetic epidemiological surveys in some regions andcities.The morbidity rate of diabetes vary in various regions. In the past,the economy ofthe northern Shanxi region which lies in the northwest of China lagged behind.However,with its rapid development of economy and society and improvement of localpeople’s living standard,the number of diabetics is on the rise in recent years.Because of alarge number of oilfields in the northern Shanxi region,the number of practitioners inpetroleum exploration and development is large.In order to understand the morbidity rateand prevention and control situation of diabetes,to master the epidemiological situationof diabetes,to promote the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus,we investigatethe morbidity rate of diabetes among the serving and retired workers in Ganguyi oilproduction plant,Yanchang oilfield.Objective:The subjects are the serving and retired workers in Ganguyi oil production plant,Yanchang oilfield.The purposes of this study are to understand the morbidityrate,its risk factors,epidemiological situation of diabetes,to promote the awareness of thehealth knowledge of diabetes in this group,to conclude the preventive methods ofdiabetes.Methods:According to national programme of diabetic epidemiological research,thestudy randomly assigned1321serving and retired workers in Ganguyi oil productionplant,Yanchang oilfield.The survey included general information (name, age, gender,position), physical examination (height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference,blood pressure), family history of diabetes, history and symptoms, lifestyle (smoking,drinking, physical exercise, personal habits, diet), laboratory examination (fasting plasmaglucose, blood lipid, renal function, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).).We used Excel2003software to collate information and establish a database.For all statisticalanalyses,we used the SPSS18.0software. Count data were expressed aspercentages.Rates were compared byχ2test.P values less than0.05were consideredstatistically significant.Results:The morbidity rate of diabetes among the serving and retired workers in Ganguyioil production plant,Yanchang oilfield.was12.2%,which of the male (12.6) was higherthan the female(11.8).In terms of different ages, it showed: the morbidity rate of diabetesof the workers aged over50was significantly higher(27.8%).In terms of differentweights, it showed: the morbidity rate of diabetes of the obese workers (20.4%)wassignificantly higher than that of the normal weight of workers(8.2%).The morbidity rateof diabetes of the workers with hypertension and hyperlipidemia was higher than thatof the workers in the control group,and there were very significant differences betweenthe two.Conclusion:1.The morbidity rate of diabetes among the serving and retired workers in Ganguyi oilproduction plant,Yanchang oilfield.was higher than that of the nationalaverage(9.7%).Diabetes has become one of the common and frequently occurring diseases among the serving and retired workers in Ganguyi oil productionplant,Yanchang oilfield.2.The morbidity situation of diabetes in this study showed the trend that the increasinglyyounger people suffered diabetes and the morbidity rate of diabetes increased with theage.3.The inducement and risk factors of diabetes were age, obesity, hypertension,hyperlipidemia, bad eating habits.Suggestions:1.To hold all kinds of diabetic health educmion in the communities; improve theirunderstanding of diabetes prevention and treatment of common sense.2advocate people to develop healthy eating habits and lifestyle (smoking alcohol limit,moderate exercise etc. |
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