A Study On The Knowledge, Attitude And Practice To Hypertension And The Risk Factors Of Hypertension In Community Elderly In Xi’an

Objectives:The aim of the research was to obtain the elderly’s knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about hypertension in the communities of Xi’an and to explore the risk factors of hypertension of this people, in order to provide the basis for making the reasonable tertiary prevention for hypertension.Methods:1、The cross-sectional studyThe sample was randomly selected from eleven communities using a stratified cluster sampling method.797older adults were assessed using the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ (HPLP-Ⅱ), the Morisky Medication Adherence Questionnaire and the investigation questionnaire on the knowledge, attitude and behavior scale. Database was constructed using Epidata3.0and analyzed by SPSS17.0software. Chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-test were used to describe the status of the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about hypertension.2、The matched case-control studyAll the elderly having hypertension in the cross-sectional study were selected as the case group.According to the one to one case-control principle, people who not having hypertension were served as control group and applied to two other conditions:the same gender and age differential control less than two years as the case group.Data were analyzed by SPSS17.0, and then binary Logistic Regression and multinomial Logistic Regression was applied.Results:1、Knowledge, attitude and practice of the community elderly in Xi’anThe mean score of knowledge was7.06±3.75with a range of0～25, and467(58.8%) scored less than7. The mean score of attitude was2.12±0.80with a range of0～3,and515(64.6%) scored less than2.The mean score of practice was2.53±1.61with a range of0～10, and468(58.7%) scored less than2. Age, marital status, income level and education were found to be related to the level of knowledge, attitude and practice. The elder who were younger, in marriage, high income and advanced degree was better in knowledge, attitude and practice about hypertension. Meanwhile the elderly acquired knowledge of hypertension through TV or video (46.8%).The mean score of lifestyle was130.58±17.74, and47.3%was at a general level,50.3%was at a good level. The elderly in the study were most frequently engaging in nutrition and least in health responsibility.The medication compliance rate of elder patients with hypertension was43.8%. Multiple regression analysis showed that the gender and income level were related to it. The medication compliance was worse in the women and the elder who was in low income.2、The risk factors of hypertension in the community elderlyThere are340hypertensive people during the elderly who participating in the survey. The morbidity of hypertension is42.7%.According to the case-control study, family history of hypertension (OR=OR=3.824,95%CI=2.621～5.577), overweight and obesity (OR=2.429,95%CI=1.461～4.037), central obesity (OR=2.089,95%CI=1.569～2.480) and low score in self-actualization(OR=0.753,95%CI=0.483～0.979)were concluded to be the risk factors of hypertension.Conclusions:1、The knowledge of hypertension among the community elderly in Xi’an was lower than other large and medium size cities.It is necessary to enhance the elderly understanding on hypertension through TV, video, newspaper, magazine and cathedra.2、Old people’s lifestyle was at medium level. Compared with the different areas and different endowment way, it is better. We should improve the conditions of the community to satisfy the home-care elder, and then fully transfer the positivity of self-management.3、The medication compliance of elder patients with hypertension was poor, especially the women and the low income elder. It is necessary to educate them with the knowledge of taking medicine in order to enhance the understanding.4、Family history of hypertension, overweight and obesity, central obesity and low score in self-actualization were concluded to be the risk factors of hypertension.