Effect Of Comprehensive Intervention On High-risk Population With Coronary Heart Disease In Community

ObjectiveTo investigate the cognitive level of coronary heart disease (CHD) primaryprevention knowledge in high risk population, and to explore its influential factors.To explore the effect of intervention on awareness of CHD primary preventionknowledge, self-management, quality of life, and depression by comprehensiveintervention for CHD high risk population in community.Methods1. A total of553CHD high risk groups who were consecutively admitted to thehealth examination depart of the first and second affiliated hospital of University ofSouth China were recruited by a cluster random sampling method. The self-designeddemographic questionnaire and self-designed CHD primary prevention knowledgequestionnaire were used to collect the data of cognitive level of CHD high riskpopulation.2. A total of102CHD high risk groups were recruited from the researchrecruiters in the first part of the study. They were randomly divided into control group(n=49) and intervention group (n=52). The intervention group was given the healthknowledge lecture and individual comprehensive intervention, the control group wasgiven the routine management. All of the recruiters were asked to completed thequestionnaires of self-designed demographic questionnaire, self-designed CHDprimary prevention knowledge questionnaire, Coronary artery disease selfmanagement scale, quality of life instruments for chronic disease-coronary heartdisease and self-rating depression scale before and after the intervention to analysisthe effect of the intervention on both groups. Results1. A total of600questionaire were used, and553valid questionnaires werecollected.(1) The CHD high risk population did not well in controlling the CHD riskfactors. The prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were46.84%、21.34%、33.82%. Majority of the recruiters followed unhealthy lifestyle.(2) The cognitive level of CHD high risk group in CHD primary preventionknowledge need be improved (40.30%). The cognitive level of recruiter withcardiovascular disease family history was higher than those without cardiovasculardisease family history(p＜0.05).(3) The cardiovascular disease family history, education background, economicstatus and occupational status were association with the cognitive level of CHDprimary prevention knowledge.2. Before the intervention, the two groups’ demographic data, the cognitivelevel of CHD primary prevention knowledge, self-management level, risk factors,quality of life and the degree of depression are in substantial agreement（p＞0.05）.(1) After intervention, the cognitive level of CHD primary prevention knowledgeof both groups changed. The intervention group’s cognitive level increasesignificantly(p＜0.05), compared with control group, the effect of the interventionwas better.(2) After intervention, the self-management score of the intervention groupimproved by21.89, and the systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, TC, LDL-C, BMIdecreased and HDL-C increased in the intervention group(p＜0.05). There was nosignificance difference in the control group（p＞0.05）.(3) After intervention, the average score of quality of life increased by14.65,the change is significance(p＜0.05), while the control group did not changesignificantly（p＞0.05）.(4) After intervention, the self-rating depression score increased in the control group, while in the intervention group, the score has decreased by8.93. The numberof mild depression, moderate depression and severe depression were decrease in theintervention group, and there was not significant change in the control group.Conclusion1. The lifestyle of the CHD high risk population need to be changed, the controlof CHD risk factors was not ideal. There is a low level of the cognitive in CHDprimary prevention knowledge; the cognitive level of high risk population withcardiovascular disease family history is higher than those without cardiovasculardisease family history. The cognitive level of CHD primary prevention knowledgewas positive correlated with cardiovascular disease family history, economic level,education background, and negative correlated with occupational status.2. The cognitive level of CHD primary prevention knowledge, self-managementlevel, and quality of life can be improved effectively by comprehensive interventionin CHD high risk population. The CHD risk factors and the degree of depressionwill be reduced by comprehensive intervention.