| As a traditional medicine food homology plant, Polygonatum have more variety and widedistribution, which possess thousands of years of edible and medicinal history, with anti-aging,antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor and hypoglycemic lipid-lowering effect.Polygona-polysaccharose is an important part in the chemical composition of Polygonatum.Modern pharmacology study proved that Polygona-polysaccharose possess importantbiological activities, including anti-aging, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, anti-blood coagulation,preventing arteriosclerosis, anti-microbial, immune regulation and so on. This paper usedvarious modern analysis methods, Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua as the object, carrying out“fractionation separation and structural characterization of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua”, inorder to provide the theoretical foundation for further development and utilization ofPolygonatum cyrtonema Hua. The results of this study were summarized as follows:1. After removal of resin under petroleum ether reflux, crude polysaccharides wereextracted from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua by water and different concentrations of alkalineliquor extraction, and alcohol precipitation. Five samples (PCP1, PCP2, PCP3, PCP4and PCP5)were successfully obtained. Monosaccharide analysis indicated that the five polysaccharidesbasically all contained arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, glucuronic acid andgalacturonic acid, but the relative amount of each monosaccharide were different. The FT-IRspectra revealed that the structure of PCP had the typical characteristics of carbohydratepolymer with pyranoid rings. The average molecular weights (Mw) of the five polysaccharideswere2.09kDa,38.6kDa,42.6kDa,34.3kDa and24.1kDa, respectively. Six types residues ofPCP1were connected by β-and α-glucoside bond. But residues of PCP3and PCP5were onlyconnected by α-glucoside bond. Compared with water extraction sample, further alkalinesolution extraction samples had higher dispersion degree, non-uniform molecular chaindistribution and less thermal stability. In addition, it was found that when the concentration ofalkaline was higher, the thermal stability was worse.13C-NMR spectra showed PCP1anomeric carbon configuration was mainly β type with a small amount of α type, contained six sugarresidues. PCP3and PCP5anomeric carbon configurations were α type. PCP3contained foursugar residues and PCP5contained two sugar residues.2. Crude polysaccharides were extracted from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua by waterextraction and alcohol precipitation. Four heterogeneous polysaccharides (P60, P70, P80andP90) were successfully obtained by different final concentrations of ethanol precipitation. Fourheterogeneous polysaccharides (P60, P70, P80and P90) were successfully obtained bydifferent final concentrations of ethanol precipitation. The average molecular weights (Mw) ofthe four polysaccharides were89.8kDa,72.6kDa,17.1kDa and1.75kDa, respectively.Compared to P60and P70, P80and P90had lower dispersion degree, more uniform molecularchain distribution. Monosaccharide analysis indicated that the four polysaccharides basicallyall contained arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, glucuronic acid and galacturonicacid, but the relative amount of monosaccharide were different. Fourier-transform infraredspectra (FT-IR) revealed the typical characteristics of carbohydrate polymer. Thermal Analysisshowed the degradation of P60and P70occurred in the second and third stage, however, thedegradation of P80and P90mainly occurred in the second stage. And at stage II the lowermolar mass fraction was decomposed first followed by decomposition of the higher molar massfraction at stage III. The subsequent NMR spectroscopy confirmed the conclusions drawn frommethylation analysis, indicated that the main linkage type of polysaccharides samples wereα-T-D-Glcp, β-1,6-D-Manp, β-2,6-D-Manp, β-1,4-D-Glcp, β-1,6-D-Glcp and β-1,2,6-D-Manp.Chains of all the polysaccharides samples were terminated by α-D-Glcp, and the majority ofbranched sugar residue was β-1,2,6-D-Manp. |
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