The Effect Of Iron Deficiency On Development Of Intelligence And The Relationship To Infants’ Temperament

Objective：To study the effects of iron deficiency anemia(IDA) on adaptive behavioral,gross motorial, fine motorial, linguistical, personal-social behavioral development ofinfants, and the relationship to temperament, to provide substantial evidences for IDAinfants’ early treatment and mental developmental intervention.Methods：Subjects were the6~24months old infants in children protect department ofChildren’s hospital of Jiangxi province from August2011to July2012to detect bloodtest.There are108infants,including37females and71males. The infants who wascoincided with IDA and NAID diagnosis were selected as IDA group,NAIDgroup,and children with equal background were selected as control group.The GesellDevelopment Diagnosis Schedule was used to evaluate children’s mentaldevelopment.The Temperament Scale for infants was used for evaluating childtemperament. One-way ANOVA, Chi-square test, multiple linear regression wereconducted with SPSS18.0software.Results:1. The male infants who suffering from iron deficiency more than female ones（Χ~2=13.06， P=0.001）,And the scores of male infants’ linguistical,personal-social behavioral development are lower than female ones, thedifferences were significant（F=9.299，P=0.003；F=4.250，P=0.042）。2. The scores of male infants’ adaptive behavioral(A), gross motorial(G), finemotorial(F), linguistical (L), personal-social behavioral(P) development arelower in NAID group and IDA group than in IS group, the differences weresignificant （F_A=13.64,P_A<0.01; F_G=6.24,P_G<0.01; F_F=6.25,P_F<0.01;F_L=4.89,P_L<0.01; F_P=9.14,PP<0.01;）.The DQ is of significant differencesbetween IS group and NAID group, so is between IS group vs IDA group.3. Analyzed by multiple linear regression, iron sufficiency is protective factors ofadaptive behaviora（lP<0.01）, gross motoria（lP<0.01）, fine motoria（lP<0.01）, linguistical （P<0.05）, personal-social behavioral（P<0.01）development. Ageis protective factors of gross motorial（P<0.01） and linguistical（P<0.05）development.Female is protective factors of linguistical（P<0.01） development,but risk factors for fine motorial（P<0.05） development.Iron sufficiency isindependent protective factors for adaptive behavioral and personal-socialbehavioral development,the partial regression coefficient was8.81(P<0.01) and9.78(P<0.01) respectively.4. The type of temperament among three groups was no significant difference(P=0.176). The9factors of temperament was also no significant difference.Conclusion:1. Male infants are more susceptible to iron deficiency.And male infants’linguistical, personal-social behavioral development were significantly retarded.2. Infants with or without anemia of iron deficiency was retarded on adaptivebehavioral, gross motorial, fine motorial, linguistical, personal-social behavioraldevelopment.There is no differency between IDA and NAID in the5mentaldevelopment.3. Iron sufficiency is adaptive behavioral, gross motorial, fine motorial, linguistical,personal-social behavioral development’s protective factors.4. There was no significant correlation between iron deficiency and the type orfactors of temperament.