Effects Of Empowerment And Stages Of Change On Diet Behavior Management In Elderly Patients With Type2Diabetes

Objective: To investigate the different educational methods affects the dietmanagement in elderly patients with type2diabetes. To explore suitableeducational methods of diabetics diet management principles for elderly. Thepurpose of this study was to help the patients achieved good control of bloodglucose, blood lipids, promote patient self-care, self-efficacy and improvepatient ability of self-management and the quality of life by intervene theelderly dietary behaviors with the educational methods of combination ofempowerment and stages of change.Methods: This study used a multi-center randomized controlled clinicaltrial design. A total of140elderly patients with type2diabetes from threehospitals in Jiangsu province and Guangxi province were randomized dividedinto two groups, control group of68and an intervention group of72. Patients inthe control group received conventional educational methods included lectures,dissemination of information, discussion groups, while their counterparts in theintervention group received the educational methods combination ofempowerment and stages of change. The stages of change affected patients’behaviors for change their awareness, and empowerment affected the objectiveand plans of management of patients’ dietary behaviors. The metabolicindicators of diabetes included blood pressure, weight, BMI, HbA1c, FPG, 2hPG, TG, TC, LDL, HDL levels before intervention and after intervention of1,3,6months, SDSCA and DSES evaluate the patient’s ability toself-management and WHOQOL-BREF evaluation of the quality level of lifewere compared. Statistic analysis was performed with SPSS16.0, the results ofp<0.05was considered statistically significant.Results: There were have no significant difference in general information,blood glucose, blood lipids, C-DES-SF, DSES, SDSCA and WHOQOL-BREFscores before intervention of two groups, p>0.05.Application of different diabetes educational methods on patients in sixmonths, the results show that the levels of HbA1c, FPG,2hPG was lower in theintervention group than that in the control group, p <0.05, the2hPG levelscontrol more better. BMI and the control rate of blood pressure were havesignificant difference between groups, p <0.05. The levels of TG,TC,LDL inintervention group were lower than that before intervention, and the levels ofHDL were higher than that before intervention. Only the TG and LDL levelswere have significant difference, p <0.05. The scores of SDSCA, DSES and thephysiological dimension, psychological dimension and social relations ofWHOQOL-BREF scores were higher in the intervention group than that in thecontrol group, p<0.05.Conclusion: Well control of blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids,correction of bad diet behaviors by application of educational methods ofcombination of empowerment and stages of change in the elderly would help thepatients to improve the ability of self-care and the level of self-efficacy inpatients’ dietary behaviors, and thus improve quality of life.