The Grammar Division And The Stratification In Use Of“he,tong,gen,yu”

“He, Tong, Gen, Yu” work as both preposition word and conjunction word inmandarin of modern Chinese. They all developed from notional word and similar insemantics. This thesis intends to apply language variation theory and combinequalitative method with quantitative method to do a dynamic heterogeneous study of“He, Tong, Gen, Yu”. The research investigates the division of grammar and thestratification in use of the four function words in different dialects and registerincluding spoken language, cyber language, headline and constitution. On the otherhand, it conducts a survey of the four words distribution in Chinese textbooks in orderto compare with the actual use of the four words. It targets at providing somescientific reference for the language education and language planning. The researchresults are as belowIn the aspect of distribution, it shows no existence of “Yu” in all dialects’s spokenlanguage. Conjunction word “He”,“Gen”,“Tong” scatter in different areas.Preposition word “He”,“Gen” spread comparatively wide in contrast with “Tong”.In the aspect of grammar division and stratification in use, it shows highly preferenceof “He” in conjunction word except in the register of headline. As for prepositionword, it shows different tendency in different register. The four preposition words aregoing through diachronic competition.Conjunction word “He” shows high frequency in Chinese textbooks. In contrast ofpreposition word,“He, Tong, Gen, Yu” show no sharp gap in frequency between eachother.It shows consistency between the actual language use and the textbooks in thepreference of conjunction word “He” and no clear grammar division of prepositionword. The tendency of “Gen” or “Tong” used as preposition word agrees with somelinguists expectation to a certain extent, but there is still a distance between thetendency and the linguists’ expectation.