Research On Imperial Clan Poet Yue Duan In Early Qing Dynasty

Yue Duan is a typical representative of the imperial clan scholars of the early Qing Dynasty. The scholar Deng Zhicheng once commented that if compared to the venerable old scholars in Jiangnan region, he was great of his own. From a noble duke in youth to an idle imperial clan in middle-age, he experienced the ups and downs of the life and all these affected and changed his thoughts and feelings, which also made his poetry varied and graceful and helped him create quantities of poets in good quality. Current academic research on Yue Duan is little and there remains big research space. Therefore, author writes down Research on Imperial Clan Poet Yue Duan in Early Qing Dynasty to explore the distinctive characteristics of Yue Duan’s poets and his outstanding achievements on poetry.The paper comprises five chapters. The introduction is to introduce scholars’ current researches on Yue Duan and his poetry and pointed out the inadequacies and demonstrated the necessity of the research on Yue Duan’s poetry.The first chapter discusses Yue Duan’s family lineage, lifetime and changes of his thoughts and is divided into two subsections:The first section discusses the changing course of Yue Duan’s family:from noble birth and illustrious military exploit of his ancestors, which provided favorable conditions for his learning Chinese culture, to the roughshod fights of the purple, which made his family in decline endlessly.The second section focuses on Yue Duan’s "raise to duke","reduce to Beile" and "depose earldom" to show the ups and downs of his life and thoughts of Yue Duan’s.The second chapter discusses Yue Duan’s exchanges on literature and art and is divided into three subsections:The first section discusses the affection of historical backgrounds. The early Qing rulers, by changing cultural policies, promote the communication and integration between the Man and Han nationality. The second and third section discusses his activities with friends of his clan and scholars of Han nationality, combing a list of Yue Duan’s Friends to better understand Yue Duan and his poetry.The third chapter classifies Yue Duan’s poets according to subjects and contents and is divided into four sections:The first section discusses the poets abut his unsatisfying with reality to show his real thoughts on reality, which is based on three aspects:"loneliness","sorrow and anxiety " and "hardship in official career". The second section discusses the poets about his activities with friends, to highlight Yue Duan’s true feelings to his friends, which is based on four aspects:"reward and present","send-off’,"long and admire" and "depress on parting". The third section discusses his poets about frontier fortress and is based on three aspects:"describe frontier scenery","express the feelings of nostalgia" and "criticize truceless wars". The fourth section discusses his poets on paintings and is based on the characteristics like "praises the scenery and add artistic conception","express true feelings","display painting skills and highlight the style of painting" to know Yue Duan learning about skills of Han’s painting and the formation his style.The fourth chapter is divided into four sections to discuss features of Yue Duan’s poetry:The first section explores Yue Duan’s not sticking to one pattern and that he was most affected by Li Shangyin,Li Bai and Tao Yuanming. The second section discusses the Yue Duan various poetry styles, which are influenced by Chinese culture, his national spirit and changes of his life experiences. The third and forth section respectively explores his using imageries and allusions to express feelings in poets and give his poetry infinite meanings.The fifth chapter is a comparative study on Yue Duan’s poetry status, which is divided into two sections:The first section discuss the status of Yue Duan in clan history, with studies on quantity and quality of Yue Duan’s poets and the evaluation of Han scholars in Qing dynasty. The second section is to analyze the status of Yue Duan in the early Qing dynasty, combining with poetry development in the early Qing dynasty, Yue Duan’s creation attitude on poets and the evaluation of the modern scholars.