Cohort Study Of Hunan Businessmen During The Governor Of Zhang Jingrao

March1918to June1920, the Wanxi warlord Zhang Jingrao established dictatorship rule which caused great damage to the commercial development of Hunan by the occasion of the War between South and North. At the same time, in order to protest the failure of diplomacy in Paris, Hunan broke out mass incidents to protect domestic commodities during the governor of Zhang Jingrao. For the purpose of stabilizing the economy order and safeguarding their own interests, Hunan merchant groups had to take emergency measures, such as coordinating other parties, stabilizing financial order, and establishing a business group. Comparing with the anti-American boycott in1905raised by Hunan merchant groups and the efforts taken by Jiangsu and Zhejiang businessman to maintain order in Qi Lu war,1920, in the aspect of time and space, the spontaneous actions of Hunan businessmen had the characteristic of spontaneity and compromise. They still abided the old saying,"business is business" and evaded politics. And this characteristic was closely related to the political environment, economic conditions and cultural atmosphere. Interests and moral formed a joint force, prompting the group of businessmen making a "cooling-off" responses. The actions of Hunan businessmen did not comply with patriotic ideas in the modern sense, but the the measures taken by merchant groups facing of social unrest were still an important reference to the development of the modern businessman groups.