Practicing Of Project System Under The Background Of New Rural Reconstruction

Ever since the tax sharing system reform,"project system" becomes an important approach of resources allocation from up-down, also a significant method of getting funds for local construction. The reform of rural taxes and fees further strengthens the dependence on project resources of the grassroots government, particularly for villages. After the national project of "new rural construction", more and more funds aiming to prompt the development of rural economy, enter into villages, which are mainly to be used in public goods’provision, rural economical development and living standard’s improvement. Project entering into villages brings up the transformations of providers as well as the relationships between the supply and demand of public utilities, also leads to an inclination of decreasing self-provision ability and increasing reliance of the state. While practicing in reality, the project system interacts with local community, and consequented with apparent characteristics of an acquaintance society.The project resources and the expectation for them develop into a strong mobilization power, which encouraged the participation of local formal power and the informal one, as well as that from the market. In some villages, a community of interests, resulting from interaction of all kinds of regional strengths, creates more opportunities to have access to project resources. Meanwhile, stimulated by the very honor of being advanced, local authority is eager to shape a typical village. As a result of practicing of informal and unjustifiable approaches, some villages are fortunately enough to assemble all kinds of resources while the others are exempt from that. This broadens the differences of public goods supply and regional development, leading to the missing of public utilities provision and mismatch of supply from demand. Finally, only few typical villages are built up, yet with little possibility to be replicated.All kinds of strengths battle for those resources drastically when them enter into villages. In order to maintain social order and conceal the informal activities, village cadres take some strategic actions. In this sense, project resource becomes the tool for governance, therefore parts of the resources are consumed unreasonably.Project funds becomes the main economical resource for villages’development, this situation in turn affects the structure of local strength. What’s more, the ability for one to obtain project resources becomes the standard of a village cadre. In this case, the traditional social order disintegrated gradually, and was replaced with a new one that relies on the capability of getting resources. Therefore, it becomes more and more difficult for a village to form an effective system of masses supervision in the purpose to restrain village cadres’actions, and may even consequented with a de-political governance.