| Vanadium is necessary micronutrients in biological growth, which can promotethe growth of organisms in a certain range. But which can also poison organisms ifover the certain range, then affecting human life through biologic chain. Theenvironmental behavior and ecological effect of vanadium in soil depended on notonly the total mount, but also effective content and form. Effective heavy metal ismore active in the soil, which totally effected plant’s absorption and utilization. In thesoil heavy metal pollution, effective content of heavy metal could reflect the pollutiondegree of the harm on biological more observely than amounts. At present, nationalsoil environmental quality standards(GB15618-95) has no concentration of gradingfor vanadium, even on clear standard method. So we need to research the Chemicalextraction agent and extraction condition for vanadium, provide the basis for studyvanadium which is effective on organisms in soil.This paper focus on the four types of soil in Shandong province, throughcultivation experiment, interference experiment, compared with ICP determinationand pot experiment, Combined with the relationship between effective state ofvanadium and the total quantity of vanadium in soil, optimal analysis method of soileffective state of vanadium is studied, then through the BCR morphological analysis,relation with a variety of basic physical and chemical properties of soil, preliminarilydiscussed soil available forms vanadium extraction mechanism. In addition, themethod of analysis is used to oil-vanadium compound pollution, research on weatheroil adding or not,the change of the effective state of vanadium content in the soil.Provide the scientific foundation and basis for making soil heavy metal vanadiumenvironmental standards and Promoting of determination method of trace vanadium inthe soil.In this paper, the main research results obtained are as follows:Using1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol spectrophotometric method eterminating oftrace vanadium in the soil, color reaction is good, but the results will be affected bythe soil available forms vanadium extraction agent. Through interference experiment chooses CaCl2, HOAc, NaAc, citric acid as extraction agent, determination of theabsorbance value and extraction agent blank sample absorbance value is close to0.085, Especially NaAc as extraction agent, with PAN spectrophotometric method todetermine the absorbance value of0.084, smaller than standard value only0.001.Through Comparative measurements by using PAN spectrometry and inductivelycoupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) Respectively,0.1M HOAcin acidic soil extract determination results with minimum interference,0.2M NaAc,0.002M citric acid to neutral and alkaline soil heavy metal vanadium determinationresults with minimum interference. And confirming the best extraction condition forthe effective state of vanadium in soil is120min extraction, liquid ratio of1:10.The alluvia soil, cinnamon soil planting Lolium perenne and planting the suaedaheteroptera kitog in saline alkali soil. Obtained by pot experiment, with the increasingof the amount of vanadium in soil. The growth rate of the suaeda heteroptera kitogbody vanadium volume is the largest, second is Lolium perenne in alluvia soil, third isLolium perenne in cinnamon soil. Through correlation analysis, six types of leachingagent to extract soil effective state amount of vanadium and vanadium is closelyrelative to the amount in the plant. The NaAc0.2M and0.002M citric acid in alluviasoil are significantly associated with polarity, the correlation coefficient are0.972**and0.960**.0.2M NaAc,0.002M citric acid and0.1M CaCl2, available formsvanadium extraction in cinnamon soil and plants were significantly correlated, thecorrelation coefficient were0.916*,0.874*and0.874**. In saline alkali soil, with0.2M NaAc as extraction agent, the correlation coefficient of0.972**, was significantlycorrelated, and0.1M CaCl2, as the extraction agent, the correlation coefficient is0.838*, were significantly related. For three different properties of the soil, with0.2M NaAc as extraction agent, soil effective state of the vanadium extraction rate andplant uptake amount of vanadium can achieve significant correlation.BCR morphology analysis method was used to extract vanadium forms of heavymetals in the soil, the change of weak acid extraction mode is most obvious in threekind of soil. No matter how big the vanadium concentration and weak acid extractioncondition after planting are dramatic decline, This suggests that most of the vanadium absorbed from soil is high activity exchangeable form and carbonate combinationform in plant growth process. At the same time, there is no obvious regularity in thecontent of reduction state vanadium and carbonate bounded form vanadium in threekinds of soil, but the content of reduction state vanadium in saline alkali soil isobviously less than which in alluvia soil and cinnamon soil. So, under the samepollution levels, once the edatope change to the reduction state, the vanadium’s RBEin alluvia soil and cinnamon soil is higher than in saline alkali soil, the potentialecological risk would be greater.Heavy metal activity in soil is associated with the physical and chemicalproperties of soil, and the soil organic matter content and index of soil fertility. Thecontent of soil effective state of vanadium and negatively correlated with soil pH,with organic matter content was significantly positive correlation, the correlationcoefficient is0.786*, positively correlated with the clay content in the soil, thecorrelation coefficient is0.496. Effective state of vanadium content and totalvanadium content in soil is significant positive correlation,the correlation coefficientis0.669*, Instructions amount of available vanadium forms in the soil and themeasuring tool has good correlation, Although effectiveness cann’t be directly insteadby the full amount of heavy metals in soil, but can evaluate the biologicaleffectiveness of vanadium To some extent. In addition to oil-vanadium compoundpollution of soil, after add the oil into the soil, effective state of vanadium ishigher than before. The growth rate of vanadium content and effective state less addoil soil is bigger, the greater the effectiveness index also. To understand the content ofheavy metal vanadium in the soil and the existence form of vanadium in soil as wellas the migration process, has great significance for soil chemistry, environmentalscience, and biological geochemistry. |
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