Countermeasures Of Small Watershed Water Pollution Prevention Law

Water is the source of human life as well as the foundation and lifeblood of socialsurvival and development. The formation, flow and transformation of water resourcesare all based on watershed, which provide us with the most important water resources.Watershed is the area, Surrounded by division of water in surface or underground,and isone river or river system’s catchment area. With the development of Chinese economic,watershed pollution situation is getting worse. China has more than5,000rivers in thedrainage area of100square kilometers, the vast majority have suffered varying degreesof water pollution violations, including seven major river systems, such as the Yangtzeriver. China has spend more than20years in water pollution preventing and hasachieved some successes, accumulated some experience. However there are still manyproblems in controlling the pollution of small watershed. Small basin of water pollutionand permanently growing, not only leads to the serious deterioration of waterenvironment, but also greatly reduces the available account of limited water resources,the damage has even exceeded the floods and drought.In this paper, I have applicated empirical analysis, comparative analysis andmethods of historical analysis. In case studies, laws and regulations are used as amicrocosm to explore the Water Pollution’s Controlling occurred during China’ssmall-watershed problems and draw some useful lessons by comparing watershedpolluting prevention practices between home and abroad, and thus proposed somecountermeasures on Chinese increasingly serious small-watershed pollution.In this paper I have analysed and summaried the current situation, characteristicsand causes of the deterioration. Here are some defects and disadvantages of waterpollution in the legal system in small-watershed areas: water pollution control legalsystem (1) basin imperfect. China’s current management methods for water pollution as"export controls, the government order", this command style of management can noteffectively prevent, control water pollution.(2) basin unreasonable. China’s currentlegislative system is "sectoral legislation", various administrative departments in chargeof drafting laws within their respective administrative areas. Around thesmall-watershed pollution control problems in reference to the author’s extensiveresearch literature on the experience of pollution prevention and control by drawing on some well-known domestic and international basins, measures are as follow: First,improve the legal system for controlling of small-watershed pollution: perfectwatershed management laws and regulations, improve the legal protection system ofsmall-watershed pollution prevention. Second, in the river basin and regional level,reconstruct the controlling and managing systems on water pollution. Third,establishthe early warning monitoring water pollution control mechanisms, cultivate emissionstrading market, build tradable water rights system, improve public participationmechanism, establish a small-watershed ecological compensation mechanism,strengthen the polluter accountability, develop and strengthen the awareness ofenvironmental resources.