The Research Of The Reaction Ability And EMG Characteristics Of Sanda Athletes

Purpose of the research:With the development of wushu Sanda, advanced scientific research is now gradually using in the sports of Sanda. Currently, the research of Sanda is mainly separately focus on exercise physiology, exercise biochemistry, sports psychology, sports coaching and sport biomechanics, while only a few using multi-dimensional analysis of Sanda. Recently, there’s an increase to do the research base on sport biomechanics. While the research from sports psychology and electrophysiology still not much, which means the research will be mainly focus on this angle will in the future. During a Sanda Competition, there are many changes within a very short time, offense and defense conversion are fast, technical changes variously, and all kinds of situations may occur during the competition, hard to seize the opportunity, any part of the slow will lose the opportunity, all these factors may affect the final results of the competition. So all kinds of speed index are higher required to Sanda athletes, athletes speed development is also of great importance to improve their competition ability.Bases on the importance of reaction ability in the sports of Sanda, this study is using multiple indexes to do the exploration, to provide a theoretical support on how to develop a fast and accurate reaction ability in a complicated competition.Research Method:This research mainly focuses on the comparison of athletes between different levels. Specifically, to do the whole real-time synchronization monitoring record regarding to EMG of all the actions texted through the experiment of combining RT measure and EMG data collecting, along with the integrated use of multidisciplinary approach such as reaction time, action time and surface EMG. Then, notes of the relevance between time-frequency characteristics and the action status as well as the functional status of muscle is made when the one-dimensional time series signal released by neuromuscular system activity. After all, comes the analysis of the selected reaction time and action time, response speed and duration of muscle activities, muscle IEMG as well as RMS of Sanda athletes.Compare the differences between high level athletes and low level athletes; find out the nature of the difference. Research Result:Base on the analysis of test result, comes out the following conclusion:1) Compared with other level athletes, excellent athletes’reaction time, motion time and reaction speed are much better in doing the straight right, side kick leg and whip leg skill. Several indicators of the test have significant and very significant difference; Test results show that through the long-term professional training, excellent sanda athletes’central nervous system and muscle function state can maintain a high excited state. Their excitatory of muscle force and speed is much higher.2) They have proficiency and stability in technical action and can form dynamic stereotype. Also, their ability of mobilize body is much better. When increases the motor load and in different stimulus variables, excellent athletes showed the trend that reaction time is gradually reduced. Thus can be considered that suitable exercise load can shorten the reaction time of excellent athletes; Test of reaction ability can reflect athletes’state of the central nervous system and judge the quality of functional state. It can be a characteristic indicator in judging elite sanda athletes.3) From the test result, in excellent group, each muscle group’s discharging duration is much shorter when doing straight right action, and with good elasticity and contractility. Each muscle’s EMG and average value of RMS are higher than the general group, T test results are not significant difference; The EMG characteristics of different level athletes in doing the straight right action showed that the upper limb muscles are the main muscle which discharge much higher. On the contrary, the lower-limb muscles discharges much smaller, which comply with the principle of force in straight right action; Triceps and brachioradialis’discharging duration is much longer and their EMG and average value of RMS are much higher. In routine training, put the muscle to its maximum strength and power should be paid attention. Deltoids’discharging duration is the shortest and its EMG and average value of RMS the highest. Need to focus on explosive force training. As for the Gastrocnemius and Rectus Femoris, should pay attention to muscle coordination and strength training.4) When doing side kick leg action, excellent athletes’muscle force is reasonable. In addition to Gastrocnemius, the other muscles’discharging duration are shorter than in general group athletes’. Vastus Lateralis’T test results showed P<0.05and with significant difference. Showed that to exert greater muscle strength in the case of energy saving. The training of Gastrocnemius’maximum strength, explosive force and strength endurance, Vastus Lateralis and medialis’maximum strength and explosive force, Gluteus Medius and Rectus Femoris’strength endurance and coordination should be strengthened.5) When doing whip leg action, each muscle’s discharging duration in excellent group is much shorter then in general group and with good elasticity, which can save energy. Both EMG and average value of RMS are smaller than in general group, but they don’t have statistical difference; The research of muscle’s force condition in doing whip leg action showed that major muscle should be trained specialize. The training of Vastus Lateralis’explosive force and maximum strength, Gluteus Maximus and Rectus Femoris’ strength speed and strength endurance, Biceps Femoris and External Oblique’s strength endurance and coordination should be strengthened.6) In Sanda, analysis and assess each muscle’s force condition from the surface of EMG features is reasonable; Muscle strength and speed are linked with each other, singly focus on certain aspects is not reasonable. To achieve the maximum effect and have combat significance, must combine with speed and power and pay attention to muscle’s coordination; Different emphasis depends on different technical action in strength training. Thus can seize the key point and improve the training efficiency.