Dynamic Monitoring And Influencing Factors Analysis Of Coastal Zone In The Yellow River

A country’s coastal-zone has the common characteristics, including a high level ofeconomic development, a small resource and environmental pressures and a highcongregation proportion of population. The rapid and accurate determination of thecoastal-zone information to the economic development of coastal-zone and the useand management of sea area has a very important significance. The natural effects ofthe sediment deposition, marine power erosion, sea level rise caused by globalwarming and land subsidence, combined with the influence of human activity of portconstruction, land reclamation, coastal aquaculture have led to the change ofcoastal-zone constantly. The extraction of coastal-zone information not only can showthe outline of coastal-zone in the short-term, but also can provide evidence for seagovernance and sustainable economic development in coastal-zone. The traditionalmeasurement method of Coastal-zone is to rely on field measurements investigation.This method takes a lot of manpower and resources, therefore it has a low efficiency,long cycle, and is difficult to obtain statistical data. Remote sensing is acomprehensive application of technology based on the physical means, mathematicalanalysis methods and geoscience analysis. Its largest advantage is the capability ofsynchronous predictive and multi-source data acquisition in the large area, whichmaking remote sensing method has obvious advantage in coastal surveys.This paper takes the Yellow River Delta coastal as the study area. It is on support ofNational Natural Science Foundation of China:―A Remote-sense Monitoring Study ofFarmland Ecological Safety in Sewage Irrigation Area Based on Surface Parameters‖and Major Scientific Research and Technology Promoting-projects in WaterConservancy, Shandong Province:―A Study on Water Security and Coastal-zoneProtection Technology in The Yellow River Delta Efficient Economic Zone Based onthe Change of Water and Sediment‖. What’s more, it uses the remote-sensing andgeographic information technology, completes extraction of the Yellow River Deltacoastal zone information, analysis dynamic changes of coastal zone information from the point of time and space, and briefly discusses the main factors of changes in thecoastal zone. The main contents and results of the research are as following:(1)It finishes the extraction of coastal thematic information on the basis of theraise of Remote sensing images thematic information, especially the low-water lineare submerged underwater. This paper gets the water depth and low-water line,relying on the inversion method and using the BP neural network to build the modelbetween the water-depth and image gray, combined with digital elevation data andtide information.(2)Through the object-oriented computer automatic classification andhuman-computer combination with each other, this paper takes the spectralcharacteristics, geometry, texture and elevation features of complex images as theclassification templates. Compared with the maximum likelihood method, the resultsobtain a higher classification accuracy.(3)We make the map of Yellow River shoreline change and land-use changebased on ARCGIS platform, analyzing the change of shoreline and land-use from thetime and space view. The results show that, during2002-2012, the changes of YellowRiver Delta coastal-zone are very obvious.Shoreline change has differentmanifestations at different times, in different locations. In space, the shoreline whichare nearby the Yellow River estuary gradually advance towards the sea; the shorelinewhich are nearby the Diaokou gradually advance towards the land; the shorelinebetween two estuarines swing to sea or to land. In time, the preliminary magnitude ofshoreline changes is larger than that in the latter part. In the Delta Coast, the changesof land-use types mainly perform on the increase of farm, salt and grassland and thedecrease of pond-reservoir land and shallow waters. Gradually, the intervention ofnational policy lead to the reduction of land-use degree and mutual transformation oftidal wetlands and marsh.(4)The analysis of factors which affect changes in the coastal zone shows that:The human activities on coastal change have produced a key role; Other naturalfactors are the feedback of human factors.