Study On Ecological Services Value Evaluation Of Major Drinking Water Source Reservoir Watershed In Fuzhou City

Ecological environment as the basis of human survival conditions, if damaged not only influence human survival, even seriously affect the social and economic benefits. Reservoir basin is the main water source of reservoir, occupy the important position in the ecological system which composed of humans and the environment. its condition of ecological environment will influence reservoir directly, decide reservoir whether or not play its Benefits normally at the same time. How to use economic method to measure ecosystem services, and to make a rational reference for human being develop and use resources is becoming a problem to be solved in the sustainable development. In order to make people direct understanding the importance of ecological service value and to improve awareness to protect the ecological environment, we must use currency to expresse ecological service function.The article choose two watersheds surrounding the Dongzhang and the Shanzai Reservoir in Fuzhou City as study area. By means of 3S technology, on the basis of summarizing related theory and practice research of the ecological services value from domestic and foreign scholars, the thesis put forward opinions on the ideas of reservoir watershed ecosystem services valuation. The thesis used watershed ecosystem service function as the breakthrough point, by index selecting, function of system building and index function calculating. The thesis put forward a more comprehensive and strong operability of evaluation index system and methods to evaluate the watershed Ecological Services Value. This research provided effectively scientific basis for the watershed ecosystem protection and management work. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:Firstly, this study completed the evaluation of the Ecological Services Value in the Watershed surrounding the Dongzhang and the Shanzai Reservoir through adequately use of GIS, RS and GPS technology. Ecological Services Value included the production of organic matter, water conservation, gas regulation, environmental pollution purification, soil conservation and soil fertilizer protecting value. The index function value was assessed by using the RUSLE model and SCS model to estimate the amount of soil conservation and water conservation of reservoir watershed.Secondly, based on system of watershed ecological service value, the study used digital elevation model (DEM data), soil type and its physical properties data, watershed meteorological data and some of the social economic statistical data of the study area to get seven function of ecological service value data. The thesis got ecosystem service value of the study area in 2006 and 2012.Thirdly, with support of the RS technique, the research extracted the land use information. GIS softwares were used to digitize the basis information, to edit the vector data, to make the spatial analysis of the thematic information extract form the RS technique, and run the RUSLE model and the SCS model and export the thematic map of the result. GPS technique were used to inspect, amend and verify the land use/land cover to ensure the accuracy of spatial data. The results showed that the ecological services values of the Watershed surrounding Dongzhang Reservoir were 221500.10 million in 2006 and 221219.02 million in 2012. The Watershed surrounding Shanzai Reservoir were 1543450.76 million in 2006 and 1529382.17 million in 2012. Ecosystem services value in the area of Research were decreased from 2006 to 2012. The ecological service value of which watershed surrounding Dongzhang Reservoir reduced 281.08 million and Shanzai Reservoir reduced 14068.59 million. The evaluation results showed that the two areas of the ecological environment had different degree of damage. One reason is the change of land use condition, and the other reason is the contribution of different ecosystem service function to the regional ecological service value which had changed by the land use change and human activities.The study aimed at ecological service value, and used the 3S technology in reservoir watershed ecosystem services value evaluation. Based on the particularity of watershed ecological environment, the study improve the ecological service value evaluation from the direct application of traditional Chinese ecological system per unit area ecosystem service value table to the research of the combination of space qualitative and quantitative. The paper set up the new ecological service value evaluation system and have certain innovation. Overall, this research combined the requirement of the ecological environment protection, and put forward the feasible technical route which is significance to the research of the ecosystem services value evaluation.