| Electrochemical sensors have always attracted the researcher’s attention because of the advantages, such as fast response, high sensitivity, good stability, quantitative analysis, easy to miniaturization and low cost. In the chemical, biotechnology, medicine, environmental protection and other fields have used widely.Carbon-based materials such as glassy carbon(GC), graphite and carbon nanotubes(CNTs) are widely used as electrode or conductive supports in electrochemical analysis due to their wide potential window, rich surface chemistry, chemical inerness, and suitability for various sensing and detection application. In comparison to other carbon substrates such as CNTs and GC, carbon black(CB) nanoparticulate meterials are extremely favourable due to their significantly lower cost, widespread availability and high surface area-to-volume ratio. Nano materials, because of itself with different shape, size, composition, quantum size effect, small size effect and surface area, have presented many excellent properties. Such as the specific surface area, high surface reactivity, high catalytic, and the strong adsorption ability, have got a cutting-edge attention of researchers. In the nano materials, due to their important properties and high free energy the researchers are most interested in the metal nanoparticles when modified the electrodes to make the sensitivity of the electrodes increased significantly. Dendrimers are currently developing new synthetic polymer. Dendrimers have three basic anatomical features: a core, repetitive branch units, and terminal functional group. Larger dendrimers are generally spherical in shape and contain interior void spaces. The unique properties of dendrimers because of their unusual structure, in surfactant, nano materials templates, gene carrier and membrane material show a broad application prospect. The preparation of nano materials using dendrimers as templates, are not only stable, but can be keep optical and catalytic properties of the nanoparticles.The work of this paper focuses on the application of the carbon black nanoparticles and its composite materials in the electrochemical research. The main content is divided into the following several parts:I. The preparation of glassy carbon electrode modified with ferroferric oxide /carbon black nanocomposite and its application for the electrochemical detection of bisphenol AIn this study, a novel method for electrochemically detection BPA was established with ferroferic oxide/carbon black nanocomposite as modified material. The cyclic voltammetry, impedance method, differential pulse voltammetry and other electrochemical characterizations and measurements were used. The experimental result showed that the modified electrode(Fe3O4NPs/CBNPs-GCE) could remarkably enhance the oxidation peak current of bisphenol A. This method exhibited the property of quickness, simplicity and sensitivity. The concentration of BPA was good linear with the oxidation peak current in the range from 1 × 10-4 to 50μM, and the modified electrode has got the detection limit of 0.031 n M(S/N=3). This sensor also achieved the nice result of detecting BPA in real water sample, and had the promising prospect.II. The preparation of glassy carbon electrode modified with gold/carbon black nanocomposite and its application for catalytic abilityIn this study, gold/carbon black nanocomposite was composed by the chemical reduction method and the novel method of electrochemically catalyze was established with this nanocomposite as modified material. The gold/carbon black nanocomposite was tested by catalyzing the oxidation of hydrazine. The concentration of hydrazine was good linear with the oxidation peak current in the range from 0.2 to1.8 m M, and the modified electrode has got the detection limit of 3.98×10-5M(S/N=3). Moreover, the modified electrode also has the good catalytic ability to formaldehyde. As result, the composite, having advantage in catalytic ability, lower cost, simple, had the promising prospect.III The preparation of glassy carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles using dendrimers and carbon black as templates its application for the electrochemical detection of nitriteIn this study, templates were established by the crosslinking action between carbon black and dendrimers. The glassy carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles using dendrimers and carbon black as templates to detect nitrite. The experimental result showed that the modified electrode could remarkably enhance response rate of nitrite. The concentration of nitrite was good linear with the oxidation peak current in the range from 1 to1000μM, and the modified electrode has got the detection limit of 0.61μM(S/N=3). The modified electrode has advantage in strong anti interference ability, lower cost, good reproducibility, and also achieved the nice result of detecting nitrite in real water sample, and had the promising prospect. |
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