| Lead matte as a by-product of smelting process, which mainly contains copper sulfide, galena and ferric sulfide. Rare components such as indium, silver and others are included. Some techniques, including pro-refining and electro-refining of crude copper from converting process, oxidizing roasting of lead matte for desulfurization, then separating copper and lead by sulfuric acid leading, or casting anode plate and extracting copper by electrolysis, are conventional treatment processes of lead matte.But low metal recoveries, unmanageable process, high cost, serious environmental problems and other disadvantages are hard to resolve no matter which process are employed.A hydrometallurgy of retrieving copper, indium and zinc from lead matte is represented in this paper.Thermodynamics of pressure acid leaching is studied in accordance with existing thermodynamics, E-pH diagram of Cu2S-H2O, In2S3-H2O, ZnS-H2O, FeS-H2O, PbS-H2O under the temperature of 298K and 423K are drawn, then main metals of E-pH diagram of MeS-H2O of 423K is obtained in the case of analysis above.Under the conditions of thermodynamics study above and kinetics that had been studied then, sulfuric acid concentration, temperature, pressure, liquid-solid ratio, leaching time and grinding time are researched in following section. Besides, leached liquid is used as leaching solvent in process of pressure leaching for study of solution recycling.The experimental results indicate that leaching rate of copper, indium and zinc are 95%,88% and 97% under the conditions of 2-3% dispersing agent, sulfuric acid concentration of 200-220g/L, temperature of 150±3℃, oxygen pressure of 1.2-1.3Mpa, liquid-solid ratio of 4:1, leaching time of 180min and 400mesh particle size is more than 80%. A high leaching rate of copper, indium and zinc can be obtained, problem of lead sulfate and sulfur coating on material unreacted can be solved, and solvent from leaching process such as leaching solution can be reused under this conditions. |
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