| Crustacean aquaculture has been China’s traditional industries, but in recent years, the heavy metal pollution problems that hinder the development of the industry, so to strengthen the security of water quality of shellfish products, is of great significance to the health of our aquatic products breeding and people. Study on heavy metal sources of heavy metals in the body, can control the problem from the root of Crustacea. First of all based on the 6 provinces and cities nationwide to conduct a survey on Pb and Cd, and make the safety evaluation on it, based on the background of Procambarus clarkii and the feed concentration of Macrobrachium nipponense release of Pb and Cd were studied. Finally, with the existing national security limit values are compared, to provide a scientific basis for the production safety of aquatic crustaceans, but also provide a reference for the relevant departments to develop standards.1.Study the rule of enrichment and release in Pb and Cd in Procambarus clarkia in dietary. By a single factor completely randomized design experiment, the experiment was divided into 4 groups (control group, A group, B group, C group),36 days and 27 days of release accumulation. During the enrichment of each feed in Pb, the content of Cd were divided into A group (10.21mg/kg,1.78mg/kg), group B (31.03mg/kg,4.95mg/kg), group C (93.71mg/kg,13.28mg/kg), control group (0.131mg/kg,0.019mg/kg), the release period were fed control diet. Then the muscle, the exoskeleton, Pb, Cd residues were determined in the liver. Natural shell shrimp, crayfish in tissues of Pb, Cd were significantly increased (P<0.05); enrichment effect of muscle and exoskeleton of Cd and Pb are similar, and the liver and pancreas of enrichment effect on Pb and Cd and the muscle and hepatopancreas were similar; Procambarus clarkia Pb content distribution and Cd content distribution trend line, the absorption rate of muscle and promote each other; enrichment of Pb was significantly higher than that of Cd, the rate of Cd concentration in hepatopancreas was significantly higher than that of Pb, the enrichment rate of liver and pancreas on Pb and Cd was obviously higher than that in the muscle.2.Study the rule of the enrichment and release of Pb and Cd in Macrobrachium nipponense in dietary. By a single factor completely randomized design experiment, the experiment was divided into 4 groups (control group, A group, B group, C group),28 days and 22 days of release accumulation. Enrichment release during each feed, and the same experimental Procambarus clarkii. Then the muscle, the exoskeleton, Pb, Cd residues were determined in the liver. After the start of the experiment to the shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense in tissues of Pb, Cd were significantly increased (P<0.05); enrichment effect of muscle and exoskeleton on Cd and Pb is similar to that of Macrobrachium nipponense; Pb content distribution and Cd content distribution trend line, which mutually promote absorption rate of muscle of Pb enrichment; was significantly higher than that of Cd, the rate of Cd concentration in hepatopancreas was significantly higher than that of Pb, the enrichment rate of liver and pancreas on Pb and Cd was obviously higher than that of muscle. Similar to Procambarus clarkii conclusion, but in the enricnment,the rate was lower than that of Procambarus clarkii.however the discharge rate is higher than that of Procambarus clarkii.3.Research on the status of heavy metal Pb (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) pollution in the aquatic products in the circulation and aquaculture. In 2014 from 1-5 months,in 6 provinces (Anhui, Fujian, Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Beijing city) breeding link and the circulation of the 181 batch of Crustacea (Procambarus clarkii 76 batches,87 batches of Eriocheir sinensis, three crab 18 batches) of Pb, content of Cd, and the use of evaluation of the results of evaluation of the national standard method, the system clustering method, the single factor pollution index method, the pollution index method, Nemero method and single factor variance. Investigation of Crustacea shell and the muscle, hepatopancreas Pb, Cd content percent of pass was higher than 70%.the sample residues were in the national food safety standards of safety limit range. Test area of Crustacea Pb and Cd pollution levels are safe and clean, this is different pollution sources inspection samples Pb and Cd, there is a strong correlation between the. But the test results among different tissues showed that, Pb, Cd in the hepatopancreas was rich, and there are a few residues exceed the standard, need to cause the attention of the relevant department.4.Based on the above results, compared with the existing standards, the Procambarus clarkii aquaculture feed in Cd Pb, the suggested limit values were 5.05mg/kg and 0.52mg/kg; Macrobrachium nipponense for lead, cadmium 1.85mg/kg 6.52mg/kg.Theoretical limits of Procambarus clarkii and Macrobrachium nipponense is higher than the national standard value,indicating that the current national standards can ensure the safety of edible parts of Crustacea muscle. |
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