Study On The Degumming Process And Spinnability Of Banana Fibers

With the continuous development of economic level and the textile technology, textile industry began to chase the "green, environmental protection, natural" as the goal.The natural plant fiber with its low price of raw materials, abundant raw materials, easily biodegradable, renewable and other characteristics of attention, become a bright spot in market competition at home and abroad. Researching and development of all countries in the world pay more and more attention to natural fiber.But the development and utilization of the natural fiber is limited. And the development of new natural fiber is very necessary. The banana fiber is made from banana stalk, having all advantages and disadvantages of linen fiber,such as light quality, high moisture regain, strong antibacterial activity, high strength, fast moisture absorption and release and etc.At the same time, banana fibers’ s production and using can not only solve the problem of waste straw pollution to the environment, but also bring additionally economic benefit.So the banana fiber has great development potential in the field of textile industry.Banana fiber is similar to flax and jute.The single fiber length of banana fiber and jute are close to.The single fiber length of banana fibers is short than flax.Because of its short length,it can not be directly used in spinning alone,must pass through the half degummed way to retain part of glioma.The single fiber sticking to each other, form certain length fiber to used in weaving.This paper degum to banana fiber with the method of chemical degumming and enzymatic degumming respectively and use the evaluation indexes of residual gum content,whiteness,breaking strength and elongation at break.Through the single factor and orthogonal test,we can optimize the degum process of banana fiber.The optimum process of banana fiber degumming with the method of chemical degumming is: density of sodium hydroxide 3.5g/L,density of hydrogen peroxide 6.5g/L,degumming temperature 100℃,degumming time 105 min,amount of sodium silicate 3%,dosage of sodium carbonate 2%, urea 2%, dosage of JFC 3%. After banana fiber is degummed with this process,residual gum content 14.44%,whiteness 54.61%,breaking strength 15.65cN/dtex,breaking elongation 5.65%.The optimum process of banana fiber degumming with the method of enzymatic degumming is: density of pectinase 0.6%,density of cellulose 1.5%,density of lignin 0.8%,reaction time 3h,reaction temperature 50℃,bath ratio 1:25,pH 5.After banana fiber is degummed with this process,residual gum content 16.45%,whiteness 34.43%,breaking strength 16.32cN/dtex,breaking elongation 6.21%.So for reaching an ideal effect to biological enzyme degumming of banana fibers, it must use chemical degumming to remove colloid.It can not achieve an ideal effect with the single degumming method to banana fiber. It must use different degumming process to banana fiber.By using the method of biological enzyme degumming and chemical degumming,this paper will select the optimal synthesis of the banana fiber degumming process. After banana fiber is degummed with this process,residual gum content 10.32%,whiteness 49.54%,breaking strength 16.71cN/dtex,breaking elongation 5.3%.Finally,through the characterization of Ir,Xrd and scanning electron microscope image between degumming with different kinds of method and not degumming fibers,prove that the colloid content of banana fiber reduces and the cellulose content of banana fiber increases after degumming.