Study On The Speciation Of The Zinc In Grifolan Frondosa

The Zinc is an essential trace element in the human body, plays an important influence and regulation to various physiological activities of the human body. Grifola frondosa is one of funguses which has many constitutional values to human body, it contains proteins, polysaccharides and trace elements and other bioactive substances, which has a good health role in anti-tumor, anti-viral and immune regulation, and so on. In this paper, Grifolan frondosa is raw material, the experiment was combined of the analysis model of trace element. The existing form of zinc was separated to the soluble and the suspended states, the inorganic and the organic states, the organic binding state. And the extraction conditions of zinc were optimized, the organic binding states were extracted with the different organic extract.Speciation analysis of the zinc could provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Grifolan frondosa.The main results of research were as follows:1. The working was analyzed by means of the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, extraction conditions were optimized and the content and speciation of trace element Zn in its water leaching were analyzed and discussed. By using 0.45μm filter membrane, two different species of the water leaching, namely the suspended, the soluble were obtained and separated. In the test, the sample was digested by using microwave digestion system, and the content of the Zinc in those species were determined by FAAS, respectively. The result showed that the primary form of zinc in Grifolan frondosa is mostly the soluble form, the best extracting condition was the ratio of material and liquid was 1:45, the temperature was 40℃, the extraction time was 110min, and the extraction rate 58.77% was obtained in this condition. The residue was present as part of zinc, content of it was 40.68%. The soluble Zn was about 99% in its water leaching, the suspended state was substantially no.2. On the basis of the analysis of primary morphology of trace elements, secondary speciation analysis was conducted. The soluble Zn was separated into the inorganic and organic species by using D-101 macroreticular resins. In the test, the samples were digested by using microwave digestion system, and the content of the Zinc in those species were determined by FAAS, respectively. Experiment set sample volume, pH, concentration of HNO3, type of eluent, column volume, flow rate, etc. as factors of separation and extraction of inorganic and organic states. The result of the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment showed that the best extracting condition of the inorganic Zn was pH was 4, concentration of HNO3 was 3%, the amount of eluete was 4BV, flow rate was 2.5ml/min; and the best extracting condition of the organic Zn was the eluete was acetone, the amount of eluate was 3BV, flow rate was 2ml/min. In this condition, the content of inorganic Zn was 41.04μg/g, distribution in the soluble zinc reached about 76%; but the content of organic Zn only was 12.50μg/g, distribution in the soluble zinc was about 23%. Here we can see, the soluble Zn in Grifolan frondosa existed mainly in form of inorganic state, and content of inorganic zinc was three times more than content of organic zinc.3. The inorganic and the organic states from residual state were extracted with CCI4 solvent and 2mol/L HC1 solution. The result of experiment showed:content of organic zinc in residual state was 3.21μg/g, distribution in the residual state reached 8.63%; content of inorganic zinc in residual state was 33.27μg/g, distribution in the residual state reached 89.48%. Here we can see, the zinc in residual state existed mainly in form of inorganic state, and content of inorganic zinc was about ten times more than content of organic zinc.4. Experiment was using different extracts which could extract organic binding state from the soluble state and residual state. The organic binding states in soluble were water-soluble protein and water-soluble polysaccharides, and extractions in residual state respectively were salt-soluble protein, alkali-soluble protein and alkali-soluble polysaccharide. The result of experiment found:The organic binding states of zinc in Grifola frondosa mainly were protein and polysaccharide binding states, protein binding state was the main form, the content of water-soluble protein was maximum. And the organic binding states were mostly in presence of soluble state, so water-soluble protein and water-soluble polysaccharide were ideal extracts which can be further purified and studied.