| Electrospun nanofibers were applied to the filtration and protective fields due to the excellent properties and the simple preparation method. Whereas the industrialization of production was limited by the low yield of electrospinning. The needleless electrospinning could solve the problem effectively. In this paper, the PVA nanofiber membrane with water resistance were made using electrospinning of spiral disk spinnerets. The properties of mixed solutions, as well as the properties and morphology of nanofibers, were studied as a function of the mass proportion of PVA-h/PVA-l. The effects of hot-press lamination and plasma treatment on the adhesion of electrospun PVA nanofibrous composites were studied respectively. The defend of areasol particles and wearability were also investigated as a function of the thicness of electrospun PVA nanofibrous mat. The main conclusion were as follows:The surface tension and conductivity were not significantly affected by the mass proportion of PVA-h/PVA-l. The viscosity increased with the increase of the mass proportion of PVA-h/PVA-l. The resultant nanofiber membrane became more uniform, meanwhile the mean diameter of nanofibers and the area density of nanofiber membrane increased. The areasol particle filtration efficiency was the highest of PVA nanofibrous mat with 3/7 of PVA-h/PVA-l. The water resistance of PVA nanofibrous mat enhanced with increasing temperature and time of heat treatment. The water resistance of PVA nanofibrous mat treated by glutaraldehyde(GA) was outstanding.When the PVA nanofibers were deposited on the Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side(ES) nonwoven with low melting point, a hot-press laminate process was performed. The maximum peeling strength and peeling energy of PVA/ES composites were 10 times larger than that of the untreated one. The optimal parameter of hot-press lamination was laminated at 145℃at a pressure of 100 Pa for 10 minutes. The oxygen element content and the roughness of the surface of habotai, polyester taffeta and nylon taffeta fabric, which were treated by the low temperature oxygen plasma, were enhanced. When the PVA nanofibers were deposited on the plasma pretreatment fabric, the peeling strength and peeling energy of PVA composites increased. The composite fabric of maximum improvement was PVA/ nylon taffeta, which were enhanced by 3 times. The optimal parameter of plasma treatment was 200 W for 3 min.By altering the electrospinning time, composites with different thicknesses of PVA nanofibrous layers were obtained. The air permeability and the water vapour transmission rate of PVA/ES composites decreased with the prolongation of electrospinning time, whereas the length of the resistance to bending increased slightly. The breaking stress and the areasol particle filtration efficiency were enhanced with the prolongation of electrospinning time. The air permeability and the water vapour transmission rate of PVA/nylon taffeta composites also decreased with the prolongation of electrospinning time, whereas the length of the resistance to bending and the drape coefficient increased. The areasol particle filtration efficiency of nylon taffeta with PVA nanofibrous mat was enhanced dramatically compared to the nylon taffeta substrate. The areasol particle filtration efficiency enhanced as well with the prolongation of electrospinning time, and the quality factor of PVA/nylon taffeta was the highest when electrospinning for 10 min.A coat was prepared, which was consist of the lining of PVA/nylon taffeta composites electrospinning for 10 min and the garment material of down-proof polyester fabric. The thermal resistance, the water vapour transmission rate and the air permeability of self-made coat were greater than the merchant hard shell. |
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