A Comparative Study On The Ability Of Pollution And Decontamination Of Common Aquatic Plants In Hunan Province

In this study,30 species of common aquatic landscape plants as materials in Hunan Province.Emergent plants：Nelumbo nucifera、Lythrum salicaria、Acorus calamus、Iris pseudacorus、Scirpus validus、Thalia dealbata、Pontederia cordata、 Arundo donax、Typha angustifolia、Canna indica. Iris germanica L.、Cyperus alternifolius、Phragm ites australis、Zizania latifolia、Zantedeschia aethiopica.Floating-leaved Plants:Nymphaea L、Nuphar pumilum、Hydrocharis dubia、Euryale ferox、Trapa bispinosa.Floating plants:Pistia stratiotes、Azolla imbricata、Salvinia natans、Eichhornia crassipes.Submerged plants:Myriophyllum verticillatum、Hydrilla verticillata、Ceratophyllum demersum、Vallisneria natans、 Potamogeton crispus、Elodea Canadensis. Comparative study on the contamination and decontamination capabilities, plants grown in tanks containing wastewater, a week or so to determine the tolerance physiological enzyme indexes:proline, and MDA. After completing a single growing season, Determination of plant biomass, plant height, plant nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, root length and number of. Every 15 days of determination TN,TP, COD, NH3-N, PH, SS and DO such as decontamination index in water tanks. To filter evaluation of common aquatic landscape plant in Hunan province stain resistance and decontamination capabilities.The main achievements as followed:1.30 species of aquatic plants adaptability compared with physiological characteristics.(1)Comparison of plant height, Root length and numberJudging from the changes of plant height, Aquatic landscape plants with emerging plant the largest amount of plant height growth, Emergent plants:Phragm ites australis、Canna indica、Cyperus alternifolius and Lythrum salicaria increase the maximum amount. Cyperus alternifolius of 2.21 times, Phragm ites australis of 2.38 times, Canna indica of 1.88 times and Lythrum salicaria of 1.72 times. Floating-leaved Plants:Hydrocharis dubia increase the maximum amount. Hydrocharis dubia of 1.69 times. Floating plants:Azolla imbricata and Salvinia natans increase the maximum amount. Azolla imbricata of 2.33 times, Salvinia natans of 3.67 times. Submerged plants:Ceratophyllum demersum、Potamogeton crispus and Elodea Canadensis increase the maximum amount. Ceratophyllum demersum of 1.67 times, Potamogeton crispus of 1.62 times, Elodea Canadensis of 1.58 times.Judging from the root length, roots longer plants include:Acorus calamus、Canna indica、Phragm ites australis、Thalia dealbata、Cyperus alternifolius、Zantedeschia aethiopica、Nymphaea L.、Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes,The 9 species of aquatic plant root length is over 25cm;roots shorter plants include:Nelumbo nucifera、Lythrum salicaria、Pontederia cordata、Arundo donax、Typha angustifolia、 Iris pseudoacorus、Zizania latifolia、Nuphar pumilum、Hydrocharis dubia、Euryale ferox、Trapa bispinosa.、Azolla imbricata、Salvinia natans and Potamogeton crispus, These 14 kinds of plant roots under 20 cm in length.Judging from the number of roots,more roots plants include:Nelumbo nucifera、 Acorus calamus、Thalia dealbata、Pontederia cordata、Typha angustifolia、Canna indica、Phragm ites australis、Cyperus alternifolius、Zantedeschia aethiopica、 Eichhornia crassipes、Vallisneria natans、Potamogeton crispus,The 12 species of aquatic plant root number of is over 20;less roots plants include:Lythrum salicaria、 Scirpus validus、Iris pseudoacorus、Nuphar pumilum、Euryale ferox、Trapa bispinosa、Pistia stratiotes、Azolla imbricata、Salvinia natans,The 9 species of aquatic plant root number of is under 15.(2) Comparison of Physiological Characteristics of tolerant.30 species of aquatic landscape plants in sewage contents of Proline and MDA to compared with the content in water,Does not present a consistent pattern.Judging from the content of proline, Nelumbo nucifera、Iris ensata Thunb、 Scirpus validus、Thalia dealbata、Pontederia cordata、Iris pseudoacorus、Cyperus alternifolius、Zizania latifolia、Nymphaea L.、Hydrocharis dubia、Euryale ferox. Trapa bispinosa.Pistia stratiotes、 Salvinia natans、Eichhornia crassipes and Potamogeton crispus, Compared under the condition of sewage and fresh water, Proline is a consistent upward trend. These 16 kinds of plants in wastewater conditions to produce adaptive stress response. By adjusting the proline content itself to adaptation waste water environment.14 additional species of aquatic plants under the condition of the sewage content of proline decreased.Judging from the content of MDA, Nelumbo nucifera、Iris ensata Thunb. Scirpus validus、Thalia dealbata、Pontederia cordata、Iris pseudoacorus、Cyperus alternifolius、Zizania latifolia、Nymphaea L.、Hydrocharis dubia、Euryale ferox、 Trapa bispinosa、Pistia stratiotes、Salvinia natans、Eichhornia crassipes and Potamogeton crispus, Compared under the condition of sewage and fresh water, MDA is a consistent upward trend. These 16 kinds of plants in wastewater conditions to produce adaptive stress response. Another 14 species of aquatic plants in sewage under the condition of MDA Content decreased.Combining these 30 plants for wastewater purification ability and Plant growth performance in conditions of high concentration sewage to determine. Plant growth and decay, in sewage proline and MDA content reduction. The description of such plants, pollution-resistant adaptive ability is weak. Not suitable for growing in polluted water. Plants grow well, in waste water proline and MDA content increased. Explain these plants possess a certain adaptive ability of anti pollution. In high pollution of water environment, Through adjusting their proline and MDA content to meet adversity. Plants grow well, but proline and MDA content in sewage reduction, Describes the type of plant tolerance to pollution and adaptability are relatively strong, Suitable for heavy nutrient content of water environment.Therefore, a combination of aquatic landscape plant growth and Proline and MDA Content in Plants Change. State pension age,Nuphar pumilum、Myriophyllum verticillatum and Ceratophyllum demersum tolerance to pollution and adaptability are relatively weak; Arundo donax、Zizania latifolia、Acorus calamus、Zantedeschia aethiopica and Vallisneria natans Anti-Pollution capacity medium; Phragm ites australis、Typha angustifolia、Canna indica. Nymphaea L and Elodea Canadensis Anti-Pollution capacity strong.2.Stain resistance and decontamination ability compared with the 30 species of aquatic plantsJudging from the increase of biomass,Emergent plants are Increase the Maximum. In Emergent plants:Phragm ites australis、Thalia dealbata、Arundo donax、Canna indica and Cyperus alternifolius are Increase the Maximum. Floating-leaved Plants:Hydrocharis dubia is Increase the Maximum.Floating plants: Pistia stratiotes、Eichhornia crassipes are Increase the Maximum. Submerged plants:Myriophyllum verticillatum、Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneria natans are Increase the Maximum. So you can draw, Phragm ites australis、Thalia dealbata. Arundo donax、Canna indica、Cyperus alternifolius.Hydrocharis dubia、Pistia stratiotes、Eichhornia crassipes、Myriophyllum verticillatum、Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneria natans good to excellent. They have very good resistance to contamination and decontamination capabilities.Judging from the 30 species of aquatic landscape plants of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations,At the same concentration Wastewater of different species of aquatic plants under the condition of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are quite different.Changes of Nitrogen contents in the range 12.13～33.71mg·g-1。 Plant phosphorus content in the range 1.18～6.25mg·g-1。 From a comparison of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in different parts of the plant, Comparison between different plant parts of stems and leaves and the root part of the great difference in concentration, Part of the range of variation of nitrogen content in plant stems and leaves between 15.73～33.71mg/g, One of the highest water Eichhornia crassipes is 2.14 times the minimum Hydrilla verticillata. The root part of the change of nitrogen content in the range between 12.13～26.31mg/g, One of the highest Phragm ites australis is 2.17 times the minimum Potamogeton crispus. Phragm ites australis Stems and Leaves of some of the highest concentrations of phosphorus, followed by Canna indica,6.25mg/g and 6.15mg/g.Hydrilla verticillata and Elodea Canadensis leaf parts phosphorus content is relatively low,1.18mg/g and 1.26mg/g. One of the highest Phragm ites australis is 5.3 times the minimum Hydrilla verticillata. Canna indica root part of the high content of phosphorus,4.98mg/g. Azolla imbricata lowest phosphorus content,1.36mg/g. The tallest of Canna indica is 3.66 times the minimum Azolla imbricata. Therefore, transfer coefficient of large plants:Phragm ites australis、Thalia dealbata、Arundo donax、Canna indica、Zizania latifolia、 Zantedeschia aethiopica、Nymphaea L、Pistia stratiotes、Azolla imbricata. Eichhornia crassipes and Potamogeton crispus, In the selection of plants can be considered.From 30 species of aquatic landscape plant uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus to judge. Aquatic Plants of nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation capacity and growth are basically the same, Strong ability to absorb N、P:Thalia dealbata、Arundo donax、Typha angustifolia、Canna indica、Cyperus alternifolius、Phragm ites australis、Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes, Weak absorptive capacity：Iris ensata Thunb、Iris pseudoacorus、Euryale ferox、Trapa bispinosa、Azolla imbricata、 Salvinia natans、Hydrilla verticillata、Ceratophyllum demersum、Potamogeton crispus and Elodea Canadensis.Therefore, The harvest of aquatic plants can be used to achieve the purpose of Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, Such as Phragm ites australis、Thalia dealbata and Canna indica Plant biomass and nitrogen, phosphorus Concentrations are high. The harvest of aquatic plants on a regular basis can greatly improve the water quality purifying effect.3.30 landscape plants on water quality purifying effect of aquatic species comparison.Good purification effect on TP：Phragm ites australis. Eichhornia crassipes. Arundo donax、Typha angustifolia、Canna indica、Elodea Canadensis、Acorus calamus、Nymphaea L、Cyperus alternifoliu、Azolla imbricata. Salvinia natans. Good purification effect on TH:Eichhornia crassipes、Phragm ites australis、Typha angustifolia、Canna indica、Arundo donax、Nymphaea L、Zantedeschia aethiopica and Pistia stratiotes. Good purification effect on COD:Eichhornia crassipes Zantedeschia aethiopica、 Nymphaea L、Salvinia natans、Pistia stratiotes、Phragm ites australis、Cyperus alternifolius、Ceratophyllum demersum、Elodea Canadensis、 Scirpus validus、Hydrocharis dubia、Azolla imbricata. Good purification effect on NH3-N:Eichhornia crassipes、Typha angustifolia、Phragm ites australis、Canna indica、Nymphaea L、Zantedeschia aethiopica、 Acorus calamus、 Arundo donax、 Cyperus alternifolius、Pistia stratiotes、Nelumbo nucifera. Good purification effect on SS:Phragm ites australis、Eichhornia crassipes、Typha angustifolia、Canna indica、 Arundo donax、Elodea Canadensis、Vallisneria natans、Cyperus alternifolius、Pistia stratiotes、Ceratophyllum demersum、Euryale ferox、Acorus calamus、Azolla imbricata、Trapa bispinosa、Salvinia natans. Increase DO better, larger plants to increase the rate of oxygen changes:Eichhornia crassipes、Phragm ites australis、 Nymphaea L、Pistia stratiotes、Canna indica、Zantedeschia aethiopic、Potamogeton crispus、Azolla imbricata、Nelumbo nucifera.tradeoff analysis,state pension age:Phragm ites australis、Eichhornia crassipes、 Typha angustifolia、Canna indica、Arundo donax、Zantedeschia aethiopica、Cyperus alternifolius、Pistia stratiotes、Azolla imbricata and Elodea Canadensis, This comprehensive purification ability of 10 species of aquatic landscape plants are always in the top 15.