Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing Method For Residual Stresses Of Rotors

First of all, the concept and detection methods of residual stress at home and abroad are introduced.The demand and the research status at home and abroad of residual stress testing of several typical axisymmetrical component, pressure vessel pressure measurement and remote monitoring technology are analyzed. Finally, the brief explanation about the trend is carried on.Then describes the types and characteristics of ultrasonic, analyzes the characteristics of the LCR wave and stress detection principle. The most important is deducing circumferential, axial and radial detection principle of residual stress again. The pressure inside the pressure vessel not intervention measurement principle isalso studied.The principle of ultrasonic detection for circumferential, axial and radial residual stress ofaxisymmetrical component isverified by experiments.The experimental results in conformity with the principle, and proves that detecting the absolute error is less than 20 MPa.It’s very practical.The gradient of residual stress which is tested by longitudinal wave is studiedby experiments.The multiple studies have proved that using p-wave detects stress gradient is feasible.And X-ray, puncture method and ultrasonic method for residual stressare contrast analysed.Because of the detecting area of ultrasonic, X-ray, puncture method is different, the test result is different, but the trend is similar.The not intervention measurement principle of pressure inside the pressure vessel is verified by crackdown experiment. The experimental results is conformity with the principle, the testing relative error is generally less than 5%.The devicesarealso verifiedby experiment.The regional dynamic monitoring system for residual stress, residual stress of tube component, automatic ultrasonic testing device and cannon gun tube tight stress automation testing equipment are very practical. The test results are ideal.Finally, thedevicesare applied in Weapon 447 Factory inBaotou, Weapon 617 Factoryin Baotou, Western Oil Pipeline Company inXinjiang, Weapon 627 Factoryin Xiangtan, Petrochina Southwest Oil and Gas Pipeline Company in Chengdu, Weapon 123 Factory inQiqihaer, 239 Factory of Aerospace Research in Beijing, Yutong Bus Company in Zhengzhou.The main application object are cannon gun tube, oil and gas pipelines, torsional axis, torsion bar, ammunition, bus artifacts, armored deck.Some results of the research at present has been successfully applied to the units, and played a vital role whensolved many important problems.