Based On The Preparation And Characterization Of Artificial Nanozymes And Their Application In Biological Detection And Degradation Of Environmental Pollutants

In the past few decades, researchers have developed lots of artificial enzymes with various materials to mimic the structures and functions of natural enzymes. Recently, nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics, are emerging as novel artificial enzymes, and attracting researchers’ enormous interest. Remarkable advances have been made in the area of nanozymes due to their unique properties compared with natural enzymes and classic artificial enzymes. Until now, lots of nanomaterials have been studied to mimic various natural enzymes for wide applications. These nanomaterial-based artificial enzymes(nanozymes) have already found wide applications in numerous fields, including biosensing, immunoassays, cancer diagnostics and therapy, neuroprotection, stem cell growth, and pollutant removal.Under above research background, the developed researches of this paper about the preparation and characterization of artificial nanozymes and their application are described as follows:Chapter one: This chapter briefly introduced the history of natural enzymes, artificial enzymes, nanozymes and their properties. Besides which also simply reviewed the application of nanozymes, in biosensing, immunoassays, metal ion sensing, cancer diagnostics and therapy, pollutant removal, imaging, water treatment, etc.Chapter two: In this work, we report the preparation of a novel biosensor platform based on PdNPs/MCNC as an artificial enzyme and probe 6 as a fluorescent and color change reporter molecule for multicolor imaging and colorimetric detection of FRs-positive cancer cells.Chapter three: In the chapter we developed a novel approach for the in situ growth of Au NPs on magnetic carbon nanospheres by using ethylene glycol/water mixture solution as reducing agent and diethylenetriamine(DETA) as the coupling linker among the components. What’s more, the nanocomposite showed superior catalytic performance and excellent selectivity for the degradation of methylene blue(MB) in the presence of other dyes.Chapter four: We for the first time design a novel double signal amplified method for highly sensitive and selective monitoring of Hg2+ ions based on using stimulated catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) as a highly efficient double signal amplification method. Upon Hg2+ ions introduction, the formed gold amalgam could catalyze the reduction of rhodamine B(RhB), in which the fluorescent and color of RhB simultaneously changed, thus providing a dual signal amplification performance. Notably, the reduction product of RhB could be oxidized to form RhB in the air, thus the prepared paper-based sensor using RhB could be reused six times for detection of Hg2+.