The Study Of New Carbon Catalyst And Its Application In Fuel Cell

Fuel cell is an energy conversion device that transform chemical energy directly into electricity instead of burning natural resources. In recent years, it is considered as the most promising portable electronic equipment and attracted much attention as green power sources for automobiles and portable electronics. The benefits of fuel cell include its very high efficiency and the production of electricity with little to no emission of pollutants. Platinum is the most widely used electrocatalyst in fuel cell because of its high electro-chemical catalytic activity, but scarce and expensive restrict its application range. To solve these problems, many studies are focused on developing a kind of catalyst that platinum supported on high surface area carbon substrates. In this paper, we synthesis a number of novel carbon substrates to replace the carrier of commercial Pt/C. We expect the new noble metal catalysts with high catalytic activity, good stability, high corrosion resistance and low cost.1. On the basis of dopamine self-aggregation under chloroplatinic acid solution, polydopamine loaded platinum nanometer materials was prepared. A new type catalyst Pt@CN was prepared by control of stirring speed and heat treatment under nitrogen protection.Scanning electron microscope(SEM), X-ray photon spectroscopy(XPS), and other technologies on the catalysts have been characterized, and the use of cyclic voltammetry for catalytic activity of Pt@CN in methanol fuel cell is evaluated. Electrochemical tests show that the synthesis of catalyst material Pt@CN obviously has good oxidation-reduction reaction(ORR) ability, and stability and ability to resist poisoning also improved compared with the commercial Pt/C.2. The zeolitic imidazolate framework-90(ZIF-90) was prepared and characterized by scanning electron mocroscopy(SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analysis.The experimental results show that, high temperature treatment of ZIF-90 into a block structure and high nitrogen doping amount. Pt nanoparticles are loaded on the carbon catalyst support ZIF-90(Abbreviated as Pt/CN). The electrocatalytic activity of Pt/CN is evaluated by cyclic voltammetry(CV), chronoamperometry(CA) and rotating disk electrode(RED)experiments. Compaered with commercial Pt/C, the Pt/CN exhibits higher electrotrocatalytic cativity of methanol oxidation reaction, higher oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) activity and its durability is also enhanced.3. Once again, we synthesis porous metal organic framework ZIF-90, on the basis of the second chapter of the reduced amount of Pt and preparation for Pt/CN materials which contain high amount of nitrogen. Pt/CN, Pt/CNB, Pt/CNP, Pt/CNBP were prepared via doping in B and P. X-ray photon spectroscopy(XPS) and other technologies on the catalysts have been characterized, and the use of cyclic voltammetry for catalytic activity of four new catalysts in methanol fuel cell are evaluated. The experimental results show that the four kinds of catalysts have better catalytic performance and anti-poisoning ability compared with the commercial Pt/C. Doping different elements shows different catalytic properties.Especially when Co-doped with B and P, its methanol oxidation current density is 2.1 times higher than that of commercial Pt /C and its stability is better too.4. At last, based on the fact that 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoro phosphate and1-Ethyl-3-Methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate contain elements of N, P and N, B.Therefore, in this chapter, after high temperature treatment the ionic liquid, carbon material containing N, P or N, B was prepared and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analysis and electrochemical techniques. The experimental results show that new carbon carriers can promote the catalytic action of methanol oxidation.