The Study Of The Chemical Components Of The Jatropha Curcas L. Seeds

Jatropha curcus L. belongs to Euphorbiaceae jalropha genera which are native to the tropical and subtropical area in America, African. In china. Jatropha curcas L. is mainly distributed in provinces like Yunnan. Guizhou, Sichuan. Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian. Hainan and so on.Jatropha curcas L. is versatile and valuable.Except for the use of bio-diesel. the seeds of Jatropha curcas L can perform many activities like antibiosis, antiviral, medicine, insecticide.The seeds have many kinds of chemical constituents, mainly including fatty substance, protein, polypeptide and terpenoids. Regional disparity can easily lead to constituent and content differences of plants.This paper studied the chemical components of kernel and shell of seeds planted from Hainan as the mainly raw material respectively, and tested the insecticidal activities of seeds.The components and content of kernel show that crude fat 45.15%, crude protein 17.98%, crude fiber 12.18%, water 7.32% and ash 4.54%. Several essential trace elements such as Zn、Mn、Cu、Fe has been detected in kernel but Pb hasn’t been detected. Meawhile, The components and content of shell show that crude fat8.14%, crude protein 11.98%, crude fiber 41.18%, water 13.92% and ash 5.48%.Compared with the kernel, the content of fat compounds in the shell decreased significantly but crude fiber content increased significantly.The petroleum ether extract of jatropha curcas seeds from Hainan were isolated and identified by GC-MS mathed. The results showed that oil contain four main fatty acids, respectively oleic acid 39.57%, linoleic acid 39%, palmitic acid 15.82% and stearic acid 5.61%, and the total content of unsaturated fatty acids reached 79.7%. The peel degree of the seeds gave higher influence for the extraction rate and lower influence for the relative content of fatty acids. The seed oil from Hainan had higher content of oleic acid and lower linoleic acid than Yunnan.The seed proteins of the jatropha curcas were extracted and separated by homogenation, PBS buffer fluid extraction, centrifugation, dialysis, Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, monitoring by color reaction,and the extraction rate of crude protein was determinated 16.75% with Kieldahl method. After column chromatography by sephadex G-100 the concentrations of protein liquid reached to 75.57μg/mL.The kernels were broken into pieces first. After extracting by 95% methanol and concentrating, we obtained extractum.Then the extractum was extracted by petroleum ether and ethyl acetate respectively.Four compounds were isolated and purified by column chromtography on silical gel, sephadex LH-20 and three compounds were identified by physicochemical property and spectral analysis (UV, IR, MS,1H-NMR, 13C-NMR),and identified as linoleic acid, beta sitosterol, ethyl linoleate.The experiments were made about insecticidal activity on housefly, cabbage caterpillar and prodenia litura with different solvents and different concentration,. The result showed that petroleum ether extracts have best insecticidal activity both to housefly and cabbage caterpillar. Their mortality amounts to 83.33% and 83.92% separately, and LC50 5.6166g/L and 4.7563g/L separately. In addition, insecticidal activity of ethyl acetate extract has also reached 82.46%. But the insecticidal activity of these kinds of solvent extracts is not obvious on prodenia litura; the highest activity of ethanol extract is only 57.14% relatively. Chloroform extract has lowest insecticidal activity on the three kinds of test insects。...