Analysis Of Current Situation And Influencing Factors Of Tobacco Exposure In Yu Long County Of Yunnan Province

Objective This study aims to describe the current situation of tobacco exposure and influencing factors of smoking, secondhand smoke and nicotine dependence in Yu Long County of Yunnan province. The results would provide some suggestions or evidence for the local relevant departments to formulate strategies to reduce the harm of tobacco exposure.Methods This study is a cross-sectional study. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out in Yu Long County. We selected Yu Long County which consisted of16townships as the study community. Two to Three villages was chosen from each village by the probability proportional to size (PPS). The random sampling was used to select210residents aged18years and over from each selected village. We selected the related indicators of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) by the self-designed questionnaire. Nicotine dependence was measured with Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). All statistical analysis use SPSS17.0software. The multiple stepwise regression models were applied to analysis the influence factors of smoking, secondhand smoke and nicotine dependence.Results We collected4202valid questionnaires, with a response rate was94.7%. In the study population, the prevalence rate of current smoking was32.4%. Males had obviously higher prevalence of current smoking than females (64.6% vs.2.4%). There was significant different prevalence rate of current smoking between males and females (P<0.01). The prevalence radio of current smoking was the highest (35.7%) in35-44years old and was the lowest (28.3%) in18-34years old. There was different prevalence rate of current smoking among all age groups (P<0.05). The prevalence rates of current smoking of elementary school and junior high school is higher than illiteracy. There was significant different prevalence of current smoking among different level of education (P<0.01). There was no significant different prevalence rate of current smoking among different ethnic group, family income and tobacco planting of family (P>0.05).The prevalence rate of SHS was39.5%. There was significant different prevalence rates of SHS among different ethnic group (P<0.01). The prevalence rates of SHS of elementary school and junior high school is higher than high school. There was significant different prevalence rate of SHS among different level of education (P <0.01). Passive smoking rate increased along with the increasing of household income (P<0.01). There was no significant different prevalence rate of SHS among different gender, age groups and tobacco planting of family (P>0.05).Filtered cigarette smoking was the most popular form of smoking tobacco (89.9%), and the average age of first try the smoking was18.87±6.11, and52.1% of tobacco users reported initiating smoking during adolescence. There was significant different prevalence rate of age of first try the smoking among different gender and level of education (P<0.01). There was no significant different prevalence rate of age of first try the smoking among different ethnic group and family income (P>0.05). The average cigarettes of smoking were19.15±12.11in every day. The age of regular smoking was19.87±5.651. In the12months before the survey, only17.0% of smokers tried at least one attempt to quit smoking. In the past seven days, a total of82.5%of non-smokers exposed to SHS in public places,78.3%exposed to SHS in workplaces, and90.1%exposed to SHS at home, and the prevalence rate of exposure to SHS was higher in women than in men for workplaces and home (P<0.05).Among1362current smokers, the mean score of FTND was3.72±0.12, and was3.73±0.13for males, and3.49±0.64for females. Compared with the no-nicotine dependent person, there was significant different prevalence rate of nicotine dependent among different age groups, ethnic group, tobacco planting of family and age of first try the smoking (P<0.01). There was no significant different prevalence rate of nicotine dependence among different of gender, level of education, family income, types of tobacco products smoked, quit smoking number and quit smoking causes (P>0.05).Single factor and multi-factor Logistic regression analyze showed:age, the numbers of quit smoking were major protective factors for smoking. The older, the more numbers of quit smoking had lower risk of smoking. Gender, ethnic group and public places were major risk factor for secondhand smoke exposure. Females had more risk in exposed to SHS than males, and non-smokers in public places were more likely higher exposed to SHS than those in non-public places. Age, amount of daily smoking was major risk factor for nicotine dependent. Started regularly smoking age, the cause of smoking (less tobacco addiction) was protecting factors for smoking. Smokers with smaller age and more amount of daily smoking had higher probability of nicotine dependence, smokers who started regularly smoking at older age and smokers who had less tobacco addiction had lower probability of nicotine dependence Conclusion Future tobacco control policies should focus more on male and people who are less educated, and offer help to people who are nicotine dependence in Yu Long County, and reduce exposure to SHS in public places in Yu Long County.