Study On The Dietary Glycemic Load Among Type2Diabetes Mellitus Inpatients In Changsha City

ObjectiveAim to learn about dietary glycemic load of type2diabetes mellitus inpatients in Changsha city and explore the influencing factors.MethodSelf-designed questionnaires were developed by extensive literature review and expert consultation, researchers and supervisors were trained to conduct questionnaire-based survey.72diabetic inpatients from3Grade A hospitals were selected as cases, with72controls selected from their spouse or relatives. Social demographics, health status,24-hour diet, frequency of vegetable and fruit ingestion, as well as knowledge on diabetes were investigated in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS17.0and Nutrition diet analysis software SY2.05.ResultFor type2diabetic inpatients, the average daily dietary GL is118.46±37.55, the energy corrected dietary GL is83.88±24.79,45.8%patients’ energy corrected dietary GL below80. For type2diabetic inpatients, the average daily energy intake is1444.56±320.75kcal, average protein intake is46.12±14.23g, average fat intake is70.49±20.75g, average carbohydrate intake is164.26±47.38g. For control group, the average daily dietary GL is180.06±56.40, average daily energy intake is2107.17±382.48kcal, average protein intake is66.77±16.50g, average fat intake is106.85±25.67g, average carbohydrate intake is230.30±65.74g. There are significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05). Diet structure of these inpatients were not reasonable, with48.6%patients’daily energy intake below recommended,84.7%patients’ Carbohydrate energy ratio below50%,93.1%inpatients’ fat energy ratio above30%.Daily dietary GL is positively related to daily energy intake(r=0.351), protein(r=0.262), fat(r=0.232), carbohydrate(r=0.300)(P<0.05). Daily dietary GL is positively related to postprandial blood glucose 2h(r=0.616)and glycosylated hemoglobin(r=0.180)(P<0.05). People with lower GL/1000kcal have lower carbohydrate intake, lower CHO energy ratio, higher fat intake, and higher fat energy ratio.Multi-factor regression analysis shows that, older age, being rural resident, longer disease course, receiving education on diabetes, making dietary plans were related with lower daily dietary GL; younger age, higher education, being urban residents, having received diabetic education were related with higher diet knowledge score.Conclusion1. Energy corrected daily dietary GL of type2Diabetic inpatients are below recommended, the energy control was too strict.2. Type2Diabetic inpatients with low energy corrected daily dietary GL have unreasonable dietary structure with low intake of carbohydrate and relatively high intake of fat.3. Influencing factors for Daily dietary GL/1000kcal of type2Diabetic inpatients are age, residence, diabetic course, whether receiving diabetic education, whether making dietary plan with health providers.