Research On Equity Of Health Inspection Human Resource Allocation In China

BackgroudAs the important form of health administration, health inspection is one important part of national legal construction, and the equity of human resource is essential to balance development of health service, rational utilization of health resources and sustainable development of health inspection.In order to adapt the demand of health system reform, health inspection system has experienced a series of reform, and made great improvements. However, the inequity of health inspection human resource allocation still exists, and the problem is becoming serious. After 2011, our country strengthened the construction of public health services gradually, but new challenge of health inspection reform appeared. To learn about the current situation of human resource allocation in health inspection, finding out existing problems, and proposing specified policy advice have important realistic meanings for improving health inspection development.ObjectivesTo propose reasonable advice for promoting health inspection human resource allocation, and supplying reference of health inspection reform, based on investing and analyzing the status of health inspection human resource allocation, and the problems in the proceed.MethodsWe selected and collected data from China health statistical yearbook (2003-2013) and China statistical yearbook, created excel database, and described the situation and trend of health inspection human resource allocation using SPSS 19.0 software. In addition, we analyzed the equity of health inspection human resource allocation using Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient, according to population and geographic area. And we also compared the change trend.Main Results1. The rate of health supervision personnel, health supervisor and other related health supervision officerwere 0.6671person per 10000, 0.5442 person per 10000, and 0.1249 person per 10000.2. The Gini coefficients were 0.2042,0.1919, and 0.3392 for health supervision personnel, health supervisor and other related health supervision officer according to population number in 2012, and the equities were in absolute average, comparative average and relatively rationality.3. The number of health supervision personnel, health supervisor and other related health supervision officer were 95.01,77.22, and 17.79 persons per 10000 square kilometers, and the Gini coefficients were 0.6240,0.6079,0.7008, according to geographic area, and all respectively exceedthe warning value, the difference were obvious,highly inequity.4. The Gini coefficients were 0.1764,0.2002, and 0.2113 in eastern, central and western China, and the equity was best in eastern, better in central, and the worst in western according to population. According to geographic area, the Gini coefficients was 0.2407, and incomparative average and equity status in eastern; the Gini coefficients was 0.3360, and irrelatively rational and less equity status in central; the Gini coefficients was 0.5678, and over warning line and in worst equity status in western.5. From the dynamic trend, the Gini coefficient became lager between 2007 and 2012, and the equity may be worse. According to geographic area, the Gini coefficient raised from 0.6089 to 0.6240 between 2007 and 2012, the difference of equity was large.6. Compared to the equity of health inspection human resource allocation according to geographic area, the equity was better according to population.Conclusions1. Although the number of the health supervision personnel is large, but the total number is still smaller, and the structure of health supervision personnel needs to optimize. And the problem of imbalance of human resource allocation in different area and low quality of staff still exists.2. There is a big gap between the standard of human resource allocation and reality. The human resource allocation is different in different province according to geographic area.3. The allocation is acceptable according to population, but it may become worsen. The equity is low according to geographic area:there are big differences between areas. The equity is better in health supervisor than others, according to population. The equity of health inspection human resource allocation is better according to population than that according to geographic area.Suggestions1. Complete human resource allocation system, and modestly increase the size of personnel force.2. We may improve the equity distribution through adjusting measures to local conditions and scientifically allocation.3. Strengthening macro-control and focusing on key area will promote synchronization coordinated development.4. By stabilizing the supervision team and improving the quality of staff, we can make up the weakness in equity.