Extraction,Antioxidant,Antiaging Activity And Characteristic Of Ganoderma Lucidum Residue Polysaccharide

Ganoderma Lucidum is the frutingbody of polyporaceae fungus, which is also known as Glossy Ganoderma, Mesona, Seocho. It looks like an umbrella, with an oval pileus. Ganoderma lucidum tastes bittersweet and is neutral in nature. It can tranquilize mind by nourishing the heart and are beneficial to many organs such as lung, liver and spleen. Ganoderma Lucidum can be used in treating physically and mentally fatigue, palpitation and insomnia, consecutively sweated, etc. The polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum has immunoregulatory function, antitumor and liver-protecting activities. Akaloids extracted from Ganoderma Lucidum has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Ganoderma lucidum spores powder has the effects of hemostasis, detoxification and antioxidant.The extraction conditions of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide(GRPS) in submerged culture were optimized on the basis of Plackett-Burman(PB) design and response surface methodology(RSM) in this paper. The anti-aging experiments in vivo were done with these three crude polysaccharides. Polysaccharide fractions, obtained after separation and purification of crude polysaccharides, were used to determine antioxidant activity in vitro, monosaccharide composition and chemical structure.(1) The optimal conditions of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide extractionThe three most significant factors influence on the amount of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide extraction were determined by PB experiments. RSM result shows that extraction of the theoretical amount of GRPS 3.85%. The results showed that the actual yields of GRPS 3.84 %.(2) Isolation and purification of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide fractionsAfter DEAE-cellulose ion exchange separation column and dextran G-100 gel column, GRPS obtain component GRPS-1and GRPS-2.(3) The in vitro antioxidant of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide fractionsThe in vitro inhibition effects of GRPS-1 at a dosage of 100mg/L on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals were 29.35±0.34% and 12.51±2.32%, respectively. The reducing power of GRPS-1 was 0.22±0.04. The in vitro inhibition effects of GRPS-2 at a dosage of 100mg/L on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals were 74.22±0.87% and 69.93±3.19%, respectively. The reducing power of GRPS-2 was 0.42±0.05. The in vitro results showed that GRPS-2 had very strongly reducing power and scavenging effects on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals.(4) Anti-aging active of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide in vivoMice were injected aging agent and gavaged Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide everyday. The results suggested that GRPS could significantly improve the levels of CAT activity in heart kidney and liver tissue of mice, decreased the contents of MDA and LPO in heart kidney and liver. Compared with the model group, the results of the test group polysaccharide reached a significant level, indicating GRPS have a strong anti-aging activity.(5) Monosaccharide composition and molar ratio of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharidePolysaccharide fractions(GRPS-1 and GRPS-2) were determined their monosaccharides composition and molar ratio by GC. The result showed that GRPS-1 was composed of rhamnose(Rha), arabinose(Ara), xylose(Xyl), mannose(Man), glucose(Glu) and galactose(Gal) with a molar ratio of 1.52:2.96:2.91:0.78:1:1.35; GRPS-2 contained Rha, Ara and Xyl with a molar ratio of 2.91:1:1.1:0.2:0.5.(6) Chemical structure determination of Ganoderma lucidum residue polysaccharide fractions.Polysaccharide fractions(GRPS-1, GRPS-2) were scaned by IR in the 4000-400cm-1 section, the result showed that they were D- pyranoid.