| Embryonic development can be influenced by environmental factors in any period of pregnancy, such as gametogenesis, embryonic development, fetus maturation or any other period. Because of females long-term excessive drinking, descendants are apt to suffer from developmental restardation, physical abnormality, mental and behavior disorders, et al. The experimental samples were obtained by flushing method in vivo and culture method in vitro. The brilliant cresol blue (BCB) staining technique and immunofluorescence technique were used to analyze and compare the activity of oocytes and H3K9 acetylation level of preimplantation embryos of each group. At the same time the liver and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) indices of females were determined. It’s expected to throw light on the mechanism of "fetal alcohol spectrum disorders"(FASD) and sound child rearing more or less.The animals were grouped as follows:Control group, force-fed isodose physiological saline; Alcohol group I, force-fed 20% alcohol; Betaine group I, force-fed 20% alcohol and a exact dose of betaine; Alcohol group II, force-fed 40% alcohol and Betaine group Ⅱ force-fed 40% alcohol and a exact dose of betaine.The Result:1. The serum MDA content of Betaine group was lower than Alcohol group, but higher than that of Control group while the serum MDA content of Alcohol group Ⅱ was higher than that of Alcohol group I (p<0.05); 2. with 26 umol/1,90min BCB stainning of immature oocytes of each group, We found that compared with Control group, the G6PD activity of treatment groups had a decreasing trend, and the G6PD activity of Alcohol group decreased more quickly than that of Betaine group; 3. H3K9 acetylation immunofluorescence could not be detected in MⅡ oocytes. H3K9 acetylation levels of Alcohol group I were significantly higher than those of Control group during the stage of Morula while the result was just contrary during the stage of Blastocyst. In vitro embryos, almost no significant difference was found between Alcohol group I and Control group during all the stages, and both the two groups had a similar trend of H3K9 acetylation level. Females force-fed 40% alcohol could have a greater impact on H3K9 acetylation level of preimplantation embryos compared with Alcohol group I. H3K9 acetylation level of Betaine group I had more substantial change than Betaine group Ⅱ.The conclusion:1. MDA is the intermediate of lipid peroxidation, reflecting the degree of oxidative damage. The liver and serum MDA content of different treatment groups changed significantly, suggesting that long-term drinking could lead to disorders of body’s redox system. The degree of oxidative damage caused by alcohol varied between the liver and serum. Betaine could alleviate the oxidative stress of alcohol and protect liver from impairing. The serum MDA contents of Betaine group were significantly lower than Control group, whether it has other effects on the body which still need to study further; 2. the G6PD activity of immature oocytes of Alcohol group decreased. The greater the alcohol concentration, the lower the activity. This might be associated with the adverse impact of female drinking excessively on germ cells. Betaine intake before pregnancy could improve the activity of G6PD of germ cells; 3. females ingested alcohol excessively could have a dose-independent impact on the H3K9 acetylation levels of early preimplantation embryos, which could be relieved by a certain dose of betaine within limit. Our work might provide some basic data to reveal the epigenetic mechanism of the toxic effects of females ingested alcohol on embryonic development. |
PDF Full Text Request