Mechanisms Of Autophagy Induced By Candida Albicans

With the improvement of science and technology, people are seeking for higher quality of life. However, accompanying with the boons here are some sufferings such as the fast-paced lives, worrying food safety, and abuse of antibiotics and catheterization’s application. These sufferings have made people undergoing sub-health. While the number of sub-health people has been increasing in a staggering rate, the proliferation of patients with serious immune system diseases, for example HIV, is also uncontrolable. All of these phenomena have made human beings easier to get opportunistic infectious diseases. The candidiasis associated with Candida albicans has become the fourth universal iatrogenic infection among these infectious diseases, with 40% mortality.C. albicans is one of the commensal organisms of human beings. However, under conditions of host immunosuppression C. albicans can invade host tissues to cause a diverse range of diseases including the common mucosal infection and systemic infection. As C. albicans has many morphological forms, the white and opaque are the common forms. The mainly differences between white and opaque are cell toxicity and infection sites, and the white C. albicans is usually founded in the high-mortality systemic infected cases. That makes it more important to figure out the white-form’s pathogenic mechanism.Autophagy is a conservative process to maintain homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. It can provide nutrients and ATPs by degrading cellular materials to maintain the basic life activities of cells. In addition, it also enables the eukaryotes to degrade long-lived cytoplasmic proteins, excess and injury organelles and invading pathogens.This research had been done in the RAW 264.7 cell lines. And the research had studied that: What signal pathway takes part in the C. albicans induced autophagy’s regulation? What function dose autophagy do in the immune response to C. albicans infection? What’s the role of necropotosis in the macrophagy’s defence against C. albicans invading? And how dose the cross-interaction of autophagy and necropotosis do in the immune response? The achievements of this research are list below.1. The white C. albicans invading could induce RAW 264.7 cell lines’autophagy, and that is regulated by the Akt/m TOR signal pathway.2. The autophagy induced by C. albicans may be the result of the production ofredundant ROS, while the ROS inhibitors had different effects on theinduced ROS and autophagy.3. Autophagy took part in the immune response to white C. albicans infection.4. Necropotosis might inhibit the C. albicans induced autophagy by someunknown signal pathways. What’s more interestingly was that the differentautophagy inducers might have an inter-inhibition rather than promoting.5. Necropotosis had an effect on white C. albicans induced immune response.In summary, this research had made a preliminary study on that how C. albicans induces diseases through multi-aspects’ studying. These achievements would do a help on further study about how to defend and cure the candidiasis. And they also provided speculative knowledges on the research of pathogenic mechanism of C. albicans. What’s more, this research also threw lights on the relationship among autophagy, innate immunity and necropotosis, and all of these would promote the further studies on autophagy.