Study On Relavant Factors Of Optimistic Psychology Of Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Background:The number of maintenance hemodialysis patients had increased in recent years,and the patients were getting younger. Psychological problems have arisen among quite a large number of hemodialysis patients due to great pressure. Presently, extensive optimism studies have been conducted in the field of foreign psychology, nursing, etc. The concept of optimism is still controversial and needs further improvement. The proposal of "Learned Optimism" makes it possible that more patients become optimistic.There are many different optimism scales both at home and abroad, however, the majority of domestic Scale are modified versions of abroad and the optimism studies were restricted to the normal population.Objective:To explore the related factors in hemodialysis patients with optimistic psychology, to find a direction for psychological care other than the conventional health education; explore the patients’ experience and behavior, trying to find out the deep-seated reason of optimistim.Methods:This research integrates the quantitive research method and qualitative research method. In the quantitive research,general survey, optimism questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale Chinese version (EPQ-RSC) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to invest 96 hemodialysis patients from the Fifth people’s hospital of Shanghai Fudan university for the relevant factors of optimism. The correlation and the regression analysis were used in analyzing the data. Purposive sampling from selected patients with high optimism scores was used to choose interviewees in qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews and observation were conducted in 17 interviewees,2-3 times per person. Interview data were analyzed through qualitative method to gain related themes.Results:There were 93 effective questionnaires collected with 96.87% recovery rate. Age, sex. education, and paid in the form, hemodialysis adequacy, medication compliance are irrelevant to optimism scores, while personality and social support utilization relevant. Three independent variables had been put into regression equation by multiple regression analysis, which were utilization of social support and personality extraversion and neuroticism.Qualitative research formed four themes on experience and behavior of optimistic patients:inherent positive traits; good social support; experience disease adaptation period; integrate dialysis life.Conclusion:Personality extraversion, social support utilization will promote optimism in hemodialysis patients, while personality neuroticism will inhibit optimism.Optimistic hemodialysis patients often have a positive personality and strong social support, and the ability to actively use the resources available to integrate into dialysis life. The results can effectively help health care professionals understand the optimism, help patients divert attention away from negativism into positive, and provide a basis for research of "learned optimism".